Timper P, Brodie B B
USDA, ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-0331.
Plant Dis. 1997 Feb;81(2):228. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.2.228C.
Soil samples were collected from a field in Wyoming County near Portageville, NY, on 29 October 1992 and 23 November 1993. The field was planted with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from September 1991 to August 1992, and with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Superior from May 1993 to September 1993. Thirty-nine and 45 samples were collected along three transects in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Two species of Pratylenchus were identified, P. neglectus (Rensch) Filipjev & Sch. Stek. (identification confirmed by A. M. Golden) and P. penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev & Sch. Stek. Their combined population densities were 134 ± 18 (mean ± SE per 100 cm soil) in 1992 and 195 ± 12 in 1993. P. neglectus was found in all samples, whereas P. penetrans was found in 33 and 78% of the samples in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Where both species occurred together, the density of P. neglectus was 7 to 8 times that of P. penetrans. In both years, spores of a nematode-pathogenic bacterium (probably a Pasteuria sp.) were found attached to the cuticle of P. penetrans (68% with spores in 1993) but were rarely attached to P. neglectus (less than 1% with spores). Although both Pratylenchus spp. are widespread in North America, this is the first report of P. neglectus in New York. Its dominance in the field was unexpected because P. penetrans and P. crenatus Loof are typically the dominant Pratylenchus spp. in potato production regions of northeastern North America (1). The presence of the bacterium, which appeared to be host-specific for P. penetrans, may help explain the dominance of P. neglectus. Reference: (1) R. N. Huettel et al. Am. Potato J. 68:345, 1991.
1992年10月29日和1993年11月23日，从纽约州波蒂奇维尔附近怀俄明县的一块田地采集了土壤样本。该田地在1991年9月至1992年8月种植冬小麦（普通小麦），在1993年5月至1993年9月种植马铃薯品种“Superior”。1992年和1993年分别沿着三条样带采集了39个和45个样本。鉴定出两种短体线虫，即疏忽短体线虫（Rensch） Filipjev & Sch. Stek.（鉴定由A. M. Golden确认）和穿刺短体线虫（Cobb） Filipjev & Sch. Stek.。它们的总种群密度在1992年为134 ± 18（每100 cm土壤的平均值 ± 标准误），在1993年为195 ± 12。在所有样本中都发现了疏忽短体线虫，而在1992年和1993年分别有33%和78%的样本中发现了穿刺短体线虫。当两种线虫同时出现时，疏忽短体线虫的密度是穿刺短体线虫的7到8倍。在这两年中，都发现一种线虫致病细菌（可能是巴氏杆菌属）的孢子附着在穿刺短体线虫的角质层上（1993年68%有孢子），但很少附着在疏忽短体线虫上（有孢子的不到1%）。虽然两种短体线虫在北美都很常见，但这是纽约州首次报道疏忽短体线虫。它在田间占主导地位出乎意料，因为在北美东北部马铃薯产区，穿刺短体线虫和环纹短体线虫通常是占主导地位的短体线虫种类（1）。这种细菌似乎对穿刺短体线虫具有宿主特异性，其存在可能有助于解释疏忽短体线虫占主导地位的原因。参考文献：（1）R. N. Huettel等人，《美国马铃薯杂志》68:345，1991年。
