van Loon Gunther
Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2019 Apr;35(1):85-102. doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2018.12.004. Epub 2019 Mar 11.
Arrhythmias are common in horses. Sinus arrhythmia and first- and second-degree atrioventricular block are frequently found physiologic arrhythmias, but should immediately disappear after stress or exercise. Atrial premature depolarizations are usually not associated with poor performance, but are a potential trigger for atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation results in an abnormal ventricular response during exercise and poses a risk for collapse in some horses. This arrhythmia can usually be treated by quinidine sulfate or transvenous electrical cardioversion. Ventricular premature depolarizations, especially when associated with structural heart disease, may be a risk factor for ventricular tachycardia or even ventricular fibrillation.
心律失常在马匹中很常见。窦性心律失常以及一度和二度房室传导阻滞是常见的生理性心律失常，但在应激或运动后应立即消失。房性早搏通常与运动能力下降无关，但可能是房颤的潜在诱因。房颤会导致运动期间心室反应异常，并使一些马匹有发生虚脱的风险。这种心律失常通常可用硫酸奎尼丁或经静脉电复律治疗。室性早搏，尤其是与结构性心脏病相关时，可能是室性心动过速甚至室颤的危险因素。
