Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2019 Dec;149:99-113. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.03.003. Epub 2019 Mar 11.
A large section of cellular proteins in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems have oligomeric property. Intently, oligomerization of protein is an invaluable phenomenon from the point of view of protein evolution. This review comprises an overview on modulation of protein oligomerization. The comprehensive modulation of protein oligomerization can be supportive for effective drug designing in the future. The common mechanisms of protein oligomerization are domain swapping and ligand induced dimerization. Infrequent mechanism of protein oligomerization involves point mutations at the dimer interface, post-translational modification and insertion/deletion at the interface. Predominantly, ligand induced oligomerization is the most useful method to regulate the protein oligomerization that can act as a modulator. Thus, functional modulation of oligomeric proteins can be done, both in-vitro and in-vivo, using various artificial and natural modulators, respectively. Though, the biophysical methods, like microscopy and spectroscopy, have strong potential to characterize the oligomeric proteins. Oligomeric proteins can be characterized biochemically too. Hence, this review illustrates the regulation of protein oligomerization using several modulators, in the future, these can be used for effective drug designing to cure several diseases associated with oligomeric proteins.
真核生物和原核生物的细胞蛋白中有很大一部分具有寡聚性质。从蛋白质进化的角度来看，蛋白质的寡聚化是一种非常有价值的现象。本文综述了蛋白质寡聚化的调控。全面调节蛋白质寡聚化有助于未来有效的药物设计。蛋白质寡聚化的常见机制包括结构域交换和配体诱导二聚化。蛋白质寡聚化的罕见机制包括二聚体界面处的点突变、翻译后修饰以及界面处的插入/缺失。配体诱导寡聚化是调节蛋白质寡聚化的最有用方法，可以作为调节剂。因此，可以使用各种人工和天然调节剂分别在体外和体内对寡聚蛋白进行功能调节。尽管如此，生物物理方法，如显微镜和光谱学，具有很强的潜力来表征寡聚蛋白。寡聚蛋白也可以进行生化表征。因此，本文综述了使用几种调节剂来调节蛋白质寡聚化，未来这些调节剂可用于有效的药物设计，以治疗与寡聚蛋白相关的多种疾病。
