Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2019 Apr 1;16(4):486-495. doi: 10.1093/ons/opy198.
The jugular process forms the posteroinferior surface of the jugular foramen and is an important structure for surgical approaches to the foramen. However, its morphological features have not been well described in modern texts.
To elucidate the microsurgical anatomy of the jugular process and examine its morphological features.
Five adult cadaveric specimens were dissected in a cadaveric study, and computed tomography data from 31 heads (62 sides) were examined using OsiriX (Pixmeo SARL, Bernex, Switzerland) to elucidate the morphological features of the jugular process.
The cadaveric study showed that it has a close relationship with the sigmoid sinus, jugular bulb, rectus capitis lateralis, lateral atlanto-occipital ligament, and lateral and posterior condylar veins. The radiographic study showed that 9/62 sigmoid sinuses protruded inferiorly into the jugular process and that in 5/62 sides, this process was pneumatized. At the entry of the jugular foramen, if the temporal bone has a bulb-type jugular bulb, and if surgery concerns the right side of the head, the superior surface of the jugular process is more likely to be steep.
The jugular process forms the posteroinferior border of the jugular foramen. Resection of the jugular process is a critical step for opening the jugular foramen from the posterior and lateral aspects. Understanding the morphological features of the jugular process, and preoperative and radiographical examination of this process thus help skull base surgeons to access the jugular foramen.
颈静脉突形成颈静脉孔的后下表面，是外科入路颈静脉孔的重要结构。然而，其形态特征在现代文献中尚未得到很好的描述。
阐明颈静脉突的显微外科解剖结构并检查其形态特征。
在尸体研究中对 5 具成人尸体标本进行解剖，并使用 OsiriX（Pixmeo SARL，Bernex，瑞士）对 31 个头骨（62 侧）的 CT 数据进行检查，以阐明颈静脉突的形态特征。
尸体研究表明，颈静脉突与乙状窦、颈静脉球、头直肌外侧头、外侧寰枕韧带以及外侧和后侧颈静脉有密切关系。影像学研究显示，9/62 乙状窦向下突出到颈静脉突，5/62 侧该突为气化型。在颈静脉孔入口处，如果颞骨的颈静脉球呈球型，如果手术涉及头部右侧，颈静脉突的上表面更可能陡峭。
颈静脉突形成颈静脉孔的后下边界。切除颈静脉突是从后外侧打开颈静脉孔的关键步骤。了解颈静脉突的形态特征，以及对该结构的术前和影像学检查，有助于颅底外科医生进入颈静脉孔。
