Kuebel David, Visser Taco D
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2019 Mar 1;36(3):362-367. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.36.000362.
The classic experiments by Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) were concerned with the correlation of intensity fluctuations at two different positions in a wave field. We generalize the HBT effect that occurs in random electromagnetic beams by examining its polarization-resolved version. This leads naturally to the concept of correlations of fluctuations of the four Stokes parameters. We calculate the correlations of such "Stokes fluctuations" for the case of Gaussian statistics. When the two points of observation coincide, these correlations reduce to "Stokes scintillations." Our work reveals a new layer of complexity in random beams by showing that the HBT effect and the scintillation coefficient are just two of many correlations that are present. We illustrate that, in general, the fluctuations of the various Stokes parameters are all correlated by studying beams and sources with different polarization states.
汉伯里·布朗和蒂斯（HBT）的经典实验关注的是波场中两个不同位置的强度涨落的相关性。我们通过研究其偏振分辨版本来推广随机电磁光束中出现的HBT效应。这自然引出了四个斯托克斯参数涨落相关性的概念。我们针对高斯统计情况计算了这种“斯托克斯涨落”的相关性。当两个观测点重合时，这些相关性就简化为“斯托克斯闪烁”。我们的工作揭示了随机光束中一个新的复杂层面，即表明HBT效应和闪烁系数只是众多存在的相关性中的两个。我们通过研究具有不同偏振态的光束和源来说明，一般而言，各种斯托克斯参数的涨落都是相关的。
