Post Andrew, Dawson Lauren, Hoshizaki T Blaine, Gilchrist Michael D, Cusimano Michael D
a St. Michael's Hospital , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
b Human Kinetics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.
Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2019 May;22(7):713-726. doi: 10.1080/10255842.2019.1588255. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
Concussion can occur from a variety of events (falls to ice, collisions etc) in ice hockey, and as a result it is important to identify how these different impact sources affect the relationship between impact kinematics and strain that has been found to be associated to this injury. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between kinematic variables and strain in the brain for impact sources that led to concussion in ice hockey. Video of professional ice hockey games was analyzed for impacts that resulted in reported clinically diagnosed concussions. The impacts were reconstructed using physical models/ATDs to determine the impact kinematics and then simulated using finite element modelling to determine maximum principal strain and cumulative strain damage measure. A stepwise linear regression was conducted between linear acceleration, change in linear velocity, rotational acceleration, rotational velocity, and strain response in the brain. The results for the entire dataset was that rotational acceleration had the highest r value for MPS (r = 0.581) and change in rotational velocity for cumulative strain damage measure (r = 450). When the impact source (shoulder, elbow, boards, or ice impacts) was isolated the rotational velocity and acceleration r value increased, indicating that when evaluating the relationships between kinematics and strain based metrics the characteristics of the impact is an important factor. These results suggest that rotational measures should be included in future standard methods and helmet innovation and design in ice hockey as they have the highest association with strain in the brain tissues.
在冰球运动中，脑震荡可能由多种事件（如摔倒在冰面上、碰撞等）引发，因此，识别这些不同的撞击源如何影响撞击运动学与应变之间的关系非常重要，而这种关系已被发现与该损伤有关。本研究的目的是探讨导致冰球运动中脑震荡的撞击源所对应的运动学变量与脑部应变之间的关系。对职业冰球比赛的视频进行分析，以找出导致报告的临床诊断脑震荡的撞击情况。利用物理模型/人体模型对撞击进行重建，以确定撞击运动学，然后使用有限元建模进行模拟，以确定最大主应变和累积应变损伤量度。对线性加速度、线速度变化、角加速度、角速度和脑部应变响应进行逐步线性回归分析。整个数据集的结果是，角加速度对最大主应变的r值最高（r = 0.581），角速度变化对累积应变损伤量度的r值最高（r = 0.450）。当分离出撞击源（肩部、肘部、护板或冰面撞击）时，角速度和角加速度的r值增加，这表明在评估运动学和基于应变的指标之间的关系时，撞击的特征是一个重要因素。这些结果表明，在未来冰球运动的标准方法以及头盔创新和设计中应纳入旋转测量指标，因为它们与脑组织中的应变关联度最高。
