School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 8001, South Africa.
Division of Occupational Therapy, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 15;16(6):945. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060945.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) has a high prevalence in South Africa, especially among the poor socioeconomic communities. However, there is no specific policy to address FASD. Using a qualitative study design, we explored the perspectives of policymakers on guidelines/policies for FASD, current practices and interventions, and what practices and interventions could be included in a policy for FASD. The data analysis was done using the Framework Method. Applying a working analytical framework to the data, we found that there is no specific policy for FASD in South Africa, however, clauses of FASD policy exist in other policy documents. Preventive services for women and screening, identification, assessment, and support for children are some of the current practices. Nevertheless, a multi-sectoral collaboration and streamlined program for the prevention and management of FASD are aspects that should be included in the policy. While there are generic clauses in existing relevant policy documents, which could be attributed to the prevention and management of FASD, these clauses have not been effective in preventing and managing the disorder. Therefore, a specific policy to foster a holistic and coordinated approach to prevent and manage FASD needs to be developed.
胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）在南非的患病率很高，尤其是在贫困的社会经济社区。然而，目前还没有专门针对 FASD 的政策。本研究采用定性研究设计，探讨了政策制定者对 FASD 指南/政策、现行实践和干预措施的看法，以及哪些实践和干预措施可以纳入 FASD 政策。数据分析采用框架方法。通过将工作分析框架应用于数据，我们发现南非没有针对 FASD 的具体政策，但其他政策文件中存在 FASD 政策的条款。针对妇女的预防服务以及对儿童的筛查、识别、评估和支持是现行的一些实践。然而，多部门合作和简化的 FASD 预防和管理方案是该政策应包含的内容。虽然现有相关政策文件中存在一般性条款，可归因于 FASD 的预防和管理，但这些条款在预防和管理该疾病方面并未发挥作用。因此，需要制定一项具体的政策，以促进全面协调的方法来预防和管理 FASD。
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