Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2019 May/June;34(3):752–758. doi: 10.11607/jomi.6318. Epub 2019 Feb 19.
The aim of this study was to assess the visual effects of pink-neck implants and pink abutments with respect to the color of natural gingiva. The distribution pattern and magnitude of CIELAB color difference coordinates were studied.
Forty subjects with a tooth in the maxillary esthetic zone deemed hopeless were recruited. Patients were randomized to either a conventional gray implant or a pink-neck implant. The hopeless tooth was removed and patients received an immediate implant along with an immediate customized provisional prosthesis. The provisional was maintained for 3 months to allow for complete healing of the implants. Two identical CAD/CAM titanium abutments only differing in color (gray and pink) were fabricated along with an all-ceramic zirconia crown. The gray abutment was delivered first with a zirconia crown, and it was replaced with the pink abutment 3 weeks later. Three weeks after insertion of each abutment with the zirconia crown, a spectrophotometer was used to collect the color of the peri-implant mucosa and natural gingiva, so the difference between the two sites could be calculated (ΔL* [difference in lightness], Δa* [difference in green-red axis], Δb* [difference in blue-yellow axis]). The natural gingiva measured was the gingiva of a contralateral or adjacent unrestored tooth. The effect of implant color and abutment on the color difference between peri-implant mucosa and natural gingiva was investigated with a linear regression model using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach.
Raw data demonstrated statistically insignificant smaller ΔL*, Δa*, Δb* between peri-implant soft tissue and natural gingiva when the implant was pink versus gray. Further, there were statistically insignificant smaller ΔL* and Δb* between peri-implant soft tissue and natural gingiva when the abutment was pink versus gray. Δa* between peri-implant soft tissue and natural gingiva was significantly smaller when using a pink abutment regardless of the implant type (P < .05).
Using an anodized pink abutment and/or a pink-neck implant minimizes the color difference observed between the peri-implant mucosa and the natural gingiva in the redness spectrum. These advances in technology assist in helping the peri-implant mucosa appear more natural by minimizing the color variance.
本研究旨在评估粉色颈部植入物和粉色基台对天然牙龈颜色的视觉效果。研究了 CIELAB 颜色差异坐标的分布模式和幅度。
招募了 40 名上颌美学区认为无望的牙齿患者。患者随机分为常规灰色植入物组或粉色颈部植入物组。拔除无望的牙齿后，患者接受即刻植入物和即刻定制临时义齿。临时义齿保留 3 个月，以确保植入物完全愈合。制作了两个完全相同的 CAD/CAM 钛基台，仅在颜色（灰色和粉色）上有所不同，以及全陶瓷氧化锆冠。首先交付灰色基台和氧化锆冠，3 周后用粉色基台更换。每个基台和氧化锆冠插入 3 周后，使用分光光度计收集种植体周围黏膜和天然牙龈的颜色，以计算两者之间的差异（ΔL* [亮度差异]、Δa* [绿-红轴差异]、Δb* [蓝-黄轴差异]）。测量的天然牙龈是对侧或相邻未修复牙齿的牙龈。使用广义估计方程（GEE）方法的线性回归模型研究了植入物颜色和基台对种植体周围黏膜和天然牙龈之间颜色差异的影响。
原始数据显示，与灰色植入物相比，粉色植入物时种植体周围软组织与天然牙龈之间的ΔL*、Δa*、Δb差异较小，但无统计学意义。此外，与灰色基台相比，粉色基台时种植体周围软组织与天然牙龈之间的ΔL和Δb差异较小，但无统计学意义。无论植入物类型如何，使用粉色基台时，种植体周围软组织与天然牙龈之间的Δa差异较小（P<.05）。
使用阳极氧化粉色基台和/或粉色颈部植入物可最大限度地减少红色光谱中观察到的种植体周围黏膜与天然牙龈之间的颜色差异。这些技术进步有助于通过最小化颜色差异使种植体周围黏膜看起来更自然。
