Department of Entomology, Section Acarology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Kansas State University, Hays, KS.
J Econ Entomol. 2019 Aug 3;112(4):1618-1622. doi: 10.1093/jee/toz061.
Traumatic insemination (TI) can be injurious to females, and females have evolved various paragenital structures to mitigate these impacts. We examined the mating behavior of Orius insidiosus (Say) and the consequences of single and double matings for female fitness. A total of 100 virgin females (4-6-d old) were directly observed while they mated with virgin males. Some of these females were mated a second time with a different, nonvirgin male 3-5 d later, after they oviposited in sunflower stems. Females were held in isolation, fed eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, and reproductive success was tracked for 30 d. Six females died during their first copulation (6%), and another within 48 h, without laying eggs. Four percent of the females died during their second copulations. Copulations lasting less than 90 s usually did not result in successful fertilization, and duration of copula was positively correlated with egg fertility in singly-mated females. Duration of copula was more than halved in second matings, twice as variable, and negatively correlated with 30 d fecundity. Thirty-seven percent of singly-mated females and 31% of twice-mated females were infertile, with fewer than half of all females producing 88% of all eggs. We conclude that O. insidiosus females are likely monandrous in the wild, and that TI in this species is inefficient, contributing to high variation in female fitness. Thus, mating involves a significant mortality risk for females, despite their possession of complex paragenital structures that ostensibly mitigate copulatory injury.
创伤性授精（TI）可能对雌性有害，而雌性已经进化出各种副生殖器结构来减轻这些影响。我们研究了稻绿蝽（Orius insidiosus ）的交配行为以及单次和双次交配对雌性适合度的影响。共观察了 100 只处女雌虫（4-6 龄）与处女雄虫交配。其中一些雌虫在向日葵茎中产卵后 3-5 天与另一只不同的、非处女雄虫进行第二次交配。将雌虫单独饲养，喂以玉米螟卵（Ephestia kuehniella Zeller），并跟踪其 30 天的繁殖成功率。在第一次交配中，有 6 只雌虫（6%）和另一只雌虫在 48 小时内死亡，没有产卵。在第二次交配中，有 4%的雌虫死亡。持续时间小于 90 秒的交配通常不会导致成功受精，而在单次交配的雌虫中，交配持续时间与卵的受精能力呈正相关。在第二次交配中，交配持续时间缩短了一半以上，且变异性增加，与 30 天的繁殖力呈负相关。37%的单次交配雌虫和 31%的双次交配雌虫不育，所有雌虫中只有不到一半的雌虫产生了 88%的所有卵。我们得出结论，稻绿蝽雌虫在野外可能是单配偶制的，并且该物种的 TI 效率低下，导致雌性适合度的高度变化。因此，尽管它们拥有复杂的副生殖器结构，表面上可以减轻交配损伤，但交配对雌性来说仍然存在很大的死亡风险。
