Martínez M F, Santini M S, Kowalewski M M, Salomón O D
Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT) - Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina.
Estación Biológica Corrientes (EBCo), Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales B. Rivadavia, Corrientes, Argentina.
Med Vet Entomol. 2019 Sep;33(3):367-374. doi: 10.1111/mve.12375. Epub 2019 Mar 20.
Multiple species of Phlebotominae are vectors of Leishmania (Protozoa: Trypanosomatidae), which causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). To describe the Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) related to the environments of black and gold howler monkeys Alouatta caraya (Humbodlt, 1812) (Primates: Atelidae), potential vectors were sampled in different landscapes and vertical strata of sleeping trees. Phlebotomine captured between December 2011 and March 2012 (2365 individuals) belonged to eight species, of which Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto, 1926) (61.4%) and Migonemyia migonei (França, 1920) (18.73%) were the most abundant, and Ny. withmani was recorded for the first time in the Chaco province. In the 'peri-domestic' landscape, the phlebotomine were mainly captured in henhouses (78.7%), whereas the tree canopy in 'rural' and 'wild' landscapes yielded 31.2% and 29.1% of the phlebotomine, respectively. A significant association between the type of landscape and the species of phlebotomine was observed by multivariate analysis. Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) and Mg. migonei were associated with 'peri-domestic' landscape, and Ny. neivai was associated with the 'wild' landscape. The results of this prospective study suggest that the interaction between phlebotomine and A. caraya could be a key factor with respect to understanding the epidemiology of leishmaniasis.
多种白蛉亚科昆虫是利什曼原虫（原生动物：锥虫科）的传播媒介，该原虫可导致内脏利什曼病（VL）和皮肤利什曼病（CL）。为描述与黑额吼猴（Alouatta caraya，洪堡，1812年）（灵长目：蛛猴科）栖息地环境相关的白蛉亚科昆虫（双翅目：毛蠓科），在不同景观和睡眠树木的垂直层次中采集了潜在传播媒介样本。2011年12月至2012年3月捕获的白蛉亚科昆虫（2365只个体）属于8个物种，其中内氏白蛉（Nyssomyia neivai，平托，1926年）（61.4%）和米氏白蛉（Migonemyia migonei，弗朗萨，1920年）（18.73%）最为常见，韦氏白蛉（Ny. withmani）首次在查科省被记录到。在“家庭周边”景观中，白蛉亚科昆虫主要在鸡舍中捕获（78.7%），而在“农村”和“野生”景观的树冠层中分别捕获到31.2%和29.1%的白蛉亚科昆虫。多变量分析观察到景观类型与白蛉亚科昆虫物种之间存在显著关联。长须白蛉（Lutzomyia longipalpis，卢茨和内瓦，1912年）和米氏白蛉与“家庭周边”景观相关，而内氏白蛉与“野生”景观相关。这项前瞻性研究的结果表明，白蛉亚科昆虫与黑额吼猴之间的相互作用可能是理解利什曼病流行病学的关键因素。
