Université de Rennes 1, Inserm U1230, Rennes, France.
CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019 Jun 1;74(6):1469-1472. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkz097.
To describe the epidemiological trend of linezolid-resistant enterococci (LRE) collected in France from 2006 to 2016 and to extensively characterize LRE isolates.
The National Reference Center for Enterococci (NRC-Enc) received enterococcal isolates suspected to be VRE and/or LRE from all French hospitals between 2006 and 2016. LRE isolates were phenotypically characterized and their genomes were entirely sequenced by Miseq (Illumina). Transfer of linezolid resistance was attempted by filter mating experiments.
Out of 3974 clinical isolates of enterococci received at the NRC-Enc over the period, 9 (0.2%) were LRE (MICs 8 to >32 mg/L), including 6 Enterococcus faecium and 3 Enterococcus faecalis. This overall prevalence significantly increased over the study period, reaching 0.8% in 2016. The five LRE isolated before 2016 were vanA-positive E. faecium whereas strains isolated in 2016 (one E. faecium and three E. faecalis) were susceptible to vancomycin. None of these isolates was part of an outbreak, while E. faecium strains were assigned to four different STs [17 (1), 80 (3), 412 (1) and 650 (1)] and all three E. faecalis belonged to ST480. Except for the strain isolated in 2010, all LRE were positive for optrA, which was located on plasmids (5/8) or in the chromosome (3/8). Plasmid transfer of optrA was successful in three cases.
There has been a significant increase in the prevalence of LRE in France over time; this is due to the spread of optrA among E. faecium and E. faecalis human clinical isolates (VRE or not).
描述 2006 年至 2016 年期间法国收集的利奈唑胺耐药肠球菌（LRE）的流行病学趋势，并对 LRE 分离株进行广泛表征。
国家肠球菌参考中心（NRC-Enc）自 2006 年至 2016 年期间从法国所有医院接收疑似万古霉素耐药肠球菌（VRE）和/或利奈唑胺耐药肠球菌（LRE）的肠球菌分离株。LRE 分离株进行表型特征分析，并通过 Miseq（Illumina）对其基因组进行全序列测序。通过滤膜交配实验尝试转移利奈唑胺耐药性。
在 NRC-Enc 收到的 3974 株肠球菌临床分离株中，有 9 株（0.2%）为 LRE（MICs 8 至 >32mg/L），包括 6 株屎肠球菌和 3 株粪肠球菌。在整个研究期间，这种总体流行率显著增加，到 2016 年达到 0.8%。2016 年之前分离的 5 株 LRE 为 vanA 阳性屎肠球菌，而 2016 年分离的菌株（1 株屎肠球菌和 3 株粪肠球菌）对万古霉素敏感。这些分离株均未发生疫情，屎肠球菌菌株被分为 4 种不同的 ST（17（1）、80（3）、412（1）和 650（1）），所有 3 株粪肠球菌均属于 ST480。除 2010 年分离的菌株外，所有 LRE 对 optrA 均呈阳性，该基因位于质粒（8/5）或染色体（8/3）上。在三种情况下，optrA 质粒转移成功。
随着时间的推移，法国 LRE 的流行率显著增加；这是由于 optrA 在屎肠球菌和粪肠球菌人类临床分离株（VRE 或非 VRE）中的传播所致。
