Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa (MG), Brazil.
Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa (MG), Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Jul 15;175:148-154. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.050. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
Populations of stingless bees have declined around the world and pesticides have been indicated as one of the possible causes of this decrease. Spinosad, which is synthesized from the fermentation process produced by the soil actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa, is one of the most used bioinsecticides today. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of spinosad (formulation) on survival, general group activity and the processes of autophagy, apoptosis and oxidative stress in two organs (midgut and brain) of workers of Partamona helleri, after 24 h of oral exposure. Workers were orally exposed to different concentrations of spinosad. The concentration (8.16 × 10 mg a.i./mL) that led to the mortality of approximately half the number of treated bees was considered LC and was used in behavior, histology and immunofluorescence bioassays. The results revealed that bee survival was substantially reduced with increasing spinosad concentrations. The LC of the bioinsecticide compromised general group activity, caused morphological alterations in the midgut and intensified the processes of autophagy, apoptosis and oxidative stress in this organ. The brain, on the other hand, did not present significant alterations under the tested conditions. The data obtained demonstrate, therefore, that spinosad negatively affects individual survival, general group activity and the midgut epithelium of P. helleri.
全世界的无刺蜜蜂种群数量都在下降，而杀虫剂被认为是导致这种下降的可能原因之一。多杀菌素是从土壤放线菌嗜糖多孢菌发酵过程中合成的，是当今使用最广泛的生物杀虫剂之一。本研究旨在评估多杀菌素（制剂）对经过 24 小时口服接触后，两种器官（中肠和大脑）的无刺蜜蜂工蜂的存活、总体活动以及自噬、细胞凋亡和氧化应激过程的可能影响。工蜂经口服暴露于不同浓度的多杀菌素。导致约半数处理蜜蜂死亡的浓度（8.16×10mg a.i./mL）被认为是致死浓度（LC），并用于行为、组织学和免疫荧光生物测定。结果表明，蜜蜂的存活率随着多杀菌素浓度的增加而显著降低。生物杀虫剂的 LC 降低了蜜蜂的总体活动，导致中肠形态发生改变，并加剧了该器官的自噬、细胞凋亡和氧化应激过程。另一方面，在测试条件下，大脑没有出现明显的变化。因此，所得数据表明，多杀菌素对 P. helleri 的个体存活、总体活动和中肠上皮有负面影响。
