Durrani Farhan, Galohda Arpit, Rai Sanjay Kumar, Singh Nishant Kumar, Verma Rati, Yadav Dhananjay Singh, Karthickraj S M
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Indian J Dent Res. 2019 Jan-Feb;30(1):97-101. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_250_17.
Progressive attachment loss around the teeth because of periodontal disease can result in increased tooth mobility. This adversely affects patient's comfort, function, and esthetics. Periodontal splinting helps in accomplishing stability by redistributing the functional and parafunctional forces. There are various materials that have been used for periodontal splinting. Fiber-reinforced composite, composite resin, and metal-reinforced composite are often used as splinting materials for periodontally compromised teeth. In our study, a comparison was done among these materials for their ability to distribute the stresses at different bone levels in mobile lower incisors splinted together with canines.
Five patients of age group 25-50 years with Grade 2 and 3 mobile incisors having 40% or more bone loss and firm canines with optimal bone support were selected. From the computed tomography scan of each patient, three models were developed demonstrating splinting of mandibular incisors and canines with metal-reinforced composite, fiber-reinforced composite, and composite resin. So in total, 15 models were developed and each one of them was subjected to vertical and transverse loads of 150 N. Pattern of stress distribution was observed in these models using three-dimensional finite element analysis.
After splinting, the stress on the canine increased when bone levels around incisors decreased while stress on incisors reduced.
Tested splinting materials were successful in stress distribution, and metal-reinforced composite was found to be better than the other splinting materials.
由于牙周病导致牙齿周围渐进性附着丧失会致使牙齿松动增加。这会对患者的舒适度、功能和美观产生不利影响。牙周夹板通过重新分配功能和副功能作用力有助于实现稳定性。有多种材料已被用于牙周夹板固定。纤维增强复合材料、复合树脂和金属增强复合材料常被用作牙周受损牙齿的夹板材料。在我们的研究中，对这些材料在与尖牙一起固定的松动下切牙不同骨水平处分布应力的能力进行了比较。
选取5名年龄在25 - 50岁之间、下切牙松动2级和3级且骨丧失40%或更多、尖牙稳固且有最佳骨支持的患者。从每位患者的计算机断层扫描中，制作了三个模型，分别展示用金属增强复合材料、纤维增强复合材料和复合树脂对下颌切牙和尖牙进行夹板固定。总共制作了15个模型，每个模型都承受150 N的垂直和横向载荷。使用三维有限元分析观察这些模型中的应力分布模式。
夹板固定后，当切牙周围骨水平降低时，尖牙上的应力增加，而切牙上的应力降低。
测试的夹板材料在应力分布方面是成功的，并且发现金属增强复合材料优于其他夹板材料。
