Frydzińska Zuzanna, Owczarek Aleksandra, Winiarska Katarzyna
Zakład Regulacji Metabolizmu, Instytut Biochemii, Wydział Biologii, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warszawa, Polska.
Postepy Biochem. 2019 Mar 22;65(1):31-40. doi: 10.18388/pb.2019_254.
Sirtuins are - in mammals - a family of seven enzymes (sirtuin 1-7) involved in post-translational modification of proteins (mainly deacetylation, but also: polyADP-ribosylation, demalonylation or lipoamidation), and thus - in the regulation of many metabolic processes. The activity of all sirtuins depends on the availability of NAD+. However, the function of individual isoforms is different, even mutually antagonistic. In this article the role of sirtuins in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and in DNA repair mechanisms is described in detail. The significance of these enzymes in diseases pathogenesis, with particular emphasis on diabetes and cancer, is also discussed, indicating the possible therapeutic use of sirtuin activity modulators.
在哺乳动物中，沉默调节蛋白是一个由七种酶（沉默调节蛋白1 - 7）组成的家族，它们参与蛋白质的翻译后修饰（主要是去乙酰化，也包括：多聚ADP核糖基化、去丙二酰化或脂酰胺化），从而参与许多代谢过程的调节。所有沉默调节蛋白的活性都依赖于烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD +）的可用性。然而，各个异构体的功能不同，甚至相互拮抗。本文详细描述了沉默调节蛋白在葡萄糖和脂质代谢调节以及DNA修复机制中的作用。还讨论了这些酶在疾病发病机制中的意义，特别强调了糖尿病和癌症，并指出了沉默调节蛋白活性调节剂可能的治疗用途。
