Hughes Linda M, Clarke John
Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory, Trout Avenue, Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, CT.
Mil Med. 2019 Mar 1;184(Suppl 1):476-487. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usy377.
Pressurized Submarine Escape Training (PSET) physically prepares submariners to safely escape a submarine at depth. Failure to complete PSET is not a submarine service disqualification. Serious medical incidents are rare, but the safety record tradeoff has been low throughput. From 2009 to 2015, only 34% of students screened completed PSET. Students may be medically screened out of the training altogether (disqualified), or dropout during the physical training (attrite). Training records from 12,122 U.S. Navy students were used to identify factors contributing to training disqualification and attrition. Multivariate logistic regression model predictors included demographic and screening items. Association to PSET disqualification included cold/congestion/cough (ORadj 12.34), limited duty status (ORadj 4.29), Physical Readiness Test failure (ORadj 3.37), pneumonia or bronchitis in last 2 years (ORadj 3.17) and nervousness or anxiety in tight spaces (ORadj 2.37). Basic Enlisted Submarine School students were more likely to be disqualified and attrite than other submariner groups, and black/African American (ORadj 1.53) students were more likely to attrite than white students. Only cold/congestion/cough (ORadj 1.52), trouble swimming (ORadj 1.53), and screening during cold/flu season (ORadj 1.28), were associated with training attrition. Recommendations to modify screening requirements are listed in conclusions.
加压潜艇逃生训练(PSET)让潜艇艇员在体能上做好在水下深度安全逃离潜艇的准备。未能完成PSET并非取消潜艇服役资格的原因。严重医疗事故很少见,但安全记录方面的权衡是训练通过率低。2009年至2015年,接受筛查的学生中只有34%完成了PSET。学生可能会在医学筛查中被完全排除在训练之外(不合格),或者在体能训练期间退出(退学)。利用12122名美国海军学生的训练记录来确定导致训练不合格和退学的因素。多变量逻辑回归模型预测因素包括人口统计学和筛查项目。与PSET不合格相关的因素包括感冒/鼻塞/咳嗽(调整后比值比12.34)、有限服役状态(调整后比值比4.29)、体能测试未通过(调整后比值比3.37)、过去两年内患肺炎或支气管炎(调整后比值比3.17)以及在狭小空间内紧张或焦虑(调整后比值比2.37)。基础潜艇兵学校的学生比其他潜艇艇员群体更有可能不合格和退学,黑人/非裔美国学生(调整后比值比1.53)比白人学生更有可能退学。只有感冒/鼻塞/咳嗽(调整后比值比1.52)、游泳困难(调整后比值比1.53)以及在感冒/流感季节进行筛查(调整后比值比1.28)与训练退学有关。结论部分列出了修改筛查要求的建议。