Ding Xiao, Zhang Weihua, Li Song, Yang Hui
Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing, China.
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston TX, USA.
Am J Cancer Res. 2019 Feb 1;9(2):219-227. eCollection 2019.
Cholesterol plays an important role in cancer development. Both clinical and experimental studies have found that hypercholesterolemia and a high-fat high-cholesterol diet can affect cancer development. External cholesterol can directly activate the oncogenic Hedgehog pathway, and internal cholesterol can induce mTORC1 signaling. Cholesterol is a key component of lipid rafts, which are the major platforms for signaling regulation in cancer, and chelating membrane cholesterol is an effective anti-cancer strategy that disrupts the functions of lipid rafts. Cholesterol metabolism is often reprogrammed in cancer cells. Targeting cholesterol metabolism as a new therapeutic approach has received increasing attention. Here, we summarize some key molecular mechanisms supporting the use of anti-cholesterol therapy for cancer treatment.
胆固醇在癌症发展中起着重要作用。临床和实验研究均发现，高胆固醇血症以及高脂肪高胆固醇饮食会影响癌症发展。外源性胆固醇可直接激活致癌性刺猬信号通路，而内源性胆固醇可诱导mTORC1信号传导。胆固醇是脂筏的关键组成部分，脂筏是癌症中信号调节的主要平台，螯合膜胆固醇是一种破坏脂筏功能的有效抗癌策略。癌细胞中的胆固醇代谢常常会重新编程。将胆固醇代谢作为一种新的治疗方法越来越受到关注。在此，我们总结了支持使用抗胆固醇疗法治疗癌症的一些关键分子机制。
