a Department of Physiology , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA.
b School of Health Studies , University of Memphis , Memphis , TN , USA.
Redox Rep. 2019 Dec;24(1):10-16. doi: 10.1080/13510002.2019.1596429.
Oxidative stress, a common feature in cardiovascular and renal disease is associated with the causes and consequences of fetal growth restriction. Hence, renal redox status is likely an early determinant of morbidity in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. In this study, we examined renal oxidative stress in naturally-farrowed SGA newborn pigs.
We studied SGA newborn pigs with 52% less body weight and 59% higher brain/liver weight ratio compared with their appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) counterparts.
The kidneys of the SGA newborn pigs weighed 56% less than the AGA group. The glomerular cross-sectional area was also smaller in the SGA group. SGA newborn pigs exhibited increased renal lipid peroxidation, reduced kidney and urine total antioxidant capacity, and increased renal nitrotyrosine immunostaining. Whereas the protein expression level of NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 was unchanged, NOX4 expression was significantly higher in SGA kidneys. The level of serum potassium was lower, but serum sodium and creatinine were similar in SGA compared with AGA newborn pigs. The serum concentrations of C-reactive protein and NGAL, the biomarkers of inflammation and early acute kidney injury were significantly elevated in the SGA group.
Early induction of oxidative stress may contribute to the onset of kidney injury in growth-restricted infants.
氧化应激是心血管和肾脏疾病的共同特征，与胎儿生长受限的原因和后果有关。因此，肾脏氧化还原状态可能是小胎龄儿（SGA）婴儿发病的早期决定因素。在这项研究中，我们研究了自然分娩的 SGA 新生仔猪的肾脏氧化应激。
我们研究了体重比适当胎龄（AGA）对照组低 52%、脑/肝重量比高 59%的 SGA 新生仔猪。
SGA 新生仔猪的肾脏重量比 AGA 组低 56%。SGA 组肾小球横截面积也较小。SGA 新生仔猪的肾脏脂质过氧化增加，肾脏和尿液总抗氧化能力降低，肾脏硝基酪氨酸免疫染色增加。尽管 NADPH 氧化酶（NOX）2 的蛋白表达水平不变，但 SGA 肾脏中 NOX4 的表达明显升高。与 AGA 新生仔猪相比，SGA 仔猪的血清钾水平较低，但血清钠和肌酐水平相似。SGA 组的血清 C 反应蛋白和 NGAL 浓度（炎症和早期急性肾损伤的生物标志物）显著升高。
氧化应激的早期诱导可能导致生长受限婴儿的肾脏损伤。
