Wiszomirska Ida, Iwańska Dagmara, Tabor Piotr, Karczewska-Lindinger Magdalena, Urbanik Czesław, Mastalerz Andrzej
Faculty of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland.
Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland.
Work. 2019;62(3):469-476. doi: 10.3233/WOR-192881.
Firefighting is a hazardous profession that involves high fall risk and is crucial component for the safety of people.
The aim of this study was to identify factors that impact on postural stability patterns of firefighters.
The study examined 177 Polish firefighters from the National Firefighting and Rescue System (NFRS) aged 31.9±10.1 years, with body height of 179.6±5.93, body mass of 83.9±11.0 and BMI of 26.0±3.03. Postural stability was evaluated by means of the Balance System SD (Biodex USA) set at the level 12 of instability, in a sportswear, bunker gear, with and without visual input. The fall risk test (FRI) was also performed. Four indices were analysed: overall stability index (OSI), anterior-posterior stability index (APSI), medial-lateral stability index (MLSI), and fall risk index (FRI).
Mean results for fall risk index (FRI) were in the normal range for all age groups regardless of the type of clothing the firefighters were wearing. Individual results obtained in the fall risk test, 128 firefighters were in the normal range for their age, furthermore, 10 firefighters obtained better results than the normal range, 34 firefighters had worse results and 5 people failed to complete the test. Postural stability with eyes closed was found to decline with age. Wearing bunker gear did not have an effect on postural stability.
Balance tests should be integrated into the firefighting training routines in order to improve balance and support fall prevention. Exercises with reduced visual input should also be incorporated into the training methodology.
消防是一项危险职业，存在高坠落风险，对人员安全至关重要。
本研究旨在确定影响消防员姿势稳定性模式的因素。
该研究对来自波兰国家消防和救援系统（NFRS）的177名消防员进行了检查，他们的年龄为31.9±10.1岁，身高为179.6±5.93厘米，体重为83.9±11.0千克，体重指数为26.0±3.03。姿势稳定性通过设置在不稳定等级12的平衡系统SD（美国Biodex公司）进行评估，测试时穿着运动服、消防服，有视觉输入和无视觉输入两种情况。还进行了跌倒风险测试（FRI）。分析了四个指标：整体稳定性指数（OSI）、前后稳定性指数（APSI）、内外侧稳定性指数（MLSI）和跌倒风险指数（FRI）。
无论消防员穿着何种服装，各年龄组的跌倒风险指数（FRI）平均结果均在正常范围内。在跌倒风险测试中获得的个体结果显示，128名消防员的结果处于其年龄对应的正常范围内，此外，10名消防员的结果优于正常范围，34名消防员的结果较差，5人未能完成测试。发现闭眼时的姿势稳定性会随着年龄下降。穿着消防服对姿势稳定性没有影响。
应将平衡测试纳入消防训练常规，以改善平衡并支持预防跌倒。减少视觉输入的练习也应纳入训练方法中。
