Dina Yemisi, McKesey Jacqueline, Pandya Amit G.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2019 Mar 1;18(3):s115-s116.
Hypopigmentation and depigmentation of the skin can be due to multiple causes and has a broad differential diagnosis. The most common cause of depigmentation worldwide is vitiligo. This disorder affects 1-2% of the world’s population and is seen in all races. Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder in which the predominant cause is an attack by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells on melanocytes in the epidermis. This condition can have a significant negative impact on the quality of life of affected individuals. Treatment options currently include psychological counseling, topical therapy, systemic therapy, phototherapy, surgical therapy, and depigmentation. In patients with stable, refractory disease, successful repigmentation has been achieved using mini-punch grafting, blister grafting, and non-cultured epidermal suspension (NCES) grafting. Emerging therapies include the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors ruxolitinib and tofacitinib. Further studies exploring the pathogenesis of vitiligo are warranted in order to optimize treatment for affected patients. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(3 Suppl):s115-116.
皮肤色素减退和色素脱失可能由多种原因引起，鉴别诊断范围广泛。全球色素脱失最常见的原因是白癜风。这种疾病影响全球1%-2%的人口，可见于所有种族。白癜风是一种自身免疫性疾病，主要原因是CD8+细胞毒性T细胞攻击表皮中的黑素细胞。这种情况会对受影响个体的生活质量产生重大负面影响。目前的治疗选择包括心理咨询、局部治疗、全身治疗、光疗、手术治疗和色素脱失治疗。对于病情稳定、难治的患者，使用微小钻孔移植、水疱移植和非培养表皮悬液（NCES）移植已成功实现色素再生。新兴疗法包括Janus激酶（JAK）抑制剂鲁索替尼和托法替布。有必要进一步研究白癜风的发病机制，以优化对受影响患者的治疗。《药物皮肤病学杂志》。2019年；18(3增刊):s115-116。
