Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Stefana Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 24;16(6):1062. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16061062.
Alternative and innovative fuel types are being introduced to power cars. These include liquified petroleum gas (LPG) gas and hydrogen energy sources. However, they also introduce new hazards, requiring revised thinking with respect to safety within car parking environments. One of the most significant dangers is accidental gas release from a car's system, especially in underground car parks. Jet fan systems are widely used for ventilation of such enclosures, but currently their design is most often based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) according to computer simulations that may not be relevant for such new fuels. This paper presents the results of full-scale tests which demonstrate the operational factors of jet fan ventilation systems, and assesses the conditions which can occur in a car park when a small volume of LPG is released. On the basis of measurements undertaken, Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) software was validated against the air velocity flows and LPG gas dispersion patterns. Finally, the simulations were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of systems in an actual car park, in the case of an accidental LPG car tank release.
正在引入替代燃料和创新燃料类型来为汽车提供动力。这些燃料包括液化石油气（LPG）和氢能。然而，它们也带来了新的危险，需要对停车场环境中的安全问题进行新的思考。其中一个最大的危险是汽车系统中的气体意外释放，特别是在地下停车场。通风喷射风机系统广泛用于此类封闭空间的通风，但目前其设计通常根据计算机模拟的计算流体动力学（CFD）进行，而这些模拟对于新型燃料可能并不相关。本文介绍了全尺寸测试的结果，这些测试证明了喷射风机通风系统的运行因素，并评估了当少量 LPG 释放时停车场可能出现的情况。根据所进行的测量，火灾动力学模拟器（FDS）软件针对空气速度流和 LPG 气体扩散模式进行了验证。最后，模拟用于演示在实际停车场中，在意外的 LPG 汽车油箱释放的情况下，系统的有效性。
