a Sostenipra (ICTA-IRTA-Inèdit Innovació SL) 2014 SGR 1412, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Unidad de Excelencia "María de Maeztu" (MDM-2015-0552), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) , Barcelona , Spain.
b Department of Design and Manufacturing Engineering , EINA, University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.
Ergonomics. 2019 Jul;62(7):940-953. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2019.1600049. Epub 2019 Apr 10.
Ergonomics has been a very important activity in the design process. However, ergonomics rarely includes the environmental requirements into the design of products. The article proposes and presents the Eco-Ergo model through its application to a real-world product, a washing machine, to allow designers and ergonomists to establish product design requirements in order to minimise environmental impacts related to user-product interaction during the use stage. This model uses a visual language of representation, Blueprinting-based, that helps designers explore problems they have not previously considered during the market research when a wide variety of products with different interaction elements is analysed. The application of this model allows direct efforts and attention on the user analysis phase in the most influential user's actions on the environmental performance of energy-related products during use, establishing ergonomics requirements related to users behaviour at the initial design phase. This study provides a proposal to incorporate ergonomics into the practice of eco-design through the use of human factors in the establishment of initial eco-design requirements. This blueprint-based model combines an empirical and theoretical approach, based on the product test developed by designers, ergonomists and environmentalists. CO2: carbon dioxide; DBIM: design behaviour intervention model; DfSB: design for sustainable behaviour; DwI Method: design with intent method; LCA: life cycle assessment; LCD: liquid cristal display; MJ: megajoule; MTM: methods-time measurement; PSS: product-service system; RPM: revolutions per minute.
工效学在设计过程中一直是一项非常重要的活动。然而，工效学很少将环境要求纳入产品设计中。本文通过将其应用于实际产品——洗衣机，提出并展示了 Eco-Ergo 模型，使设计师和工效学家能够建立产品设计要求，以最大限度地减少与用户在使用阶段与产品交互相关的环境影响。该模型使用基于蓝图的可视化语言表示，帮助设计师在市场研究期间分析具有不同交互元素的各种产品时，探索他们以前没有考虑过的问题。该模型的应用允许直接关注用户分析阶段，关注用户在使用过程中对能源相关产品环境性能影响最大的行为，在初始设计阶段建立与用户行为相关的工效学要求。本研究通过在初始生态设计要求的制定中使用人为因素，为将工效学纳入生态设计实践提供了一个建议。这个基于蓝图的模型结合了经验和理论方法，基于设计师、工效学家和环保主义者开发的产品测试。CO2：二氧化碳；DBIM：设计行为干预模型；DfSB：可持续行为设计；DwI 方法：有意图的设计方法；LCA：生命周期评估；LCD：液晶显示；MJ：兆焦耳；MTM：方法-时间测量；PSS：产品-服务系统；RPM：每分钟转数。
