College of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Arcadia University, Glenside, PA, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Aug;36(15-16):7776-7801. doi: 10.1177/0886260519835878. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
Intimate partner violence (IPV), commonly accompanied by controlling behavior, is a serious public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Data from women ( = 37,115) aged 15 to 49 years who completed the Demographic Health Survey's (DHS) domestic violence module in eight countries in sub-Saharan Africa (Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo [DRC], Côte d'Ivoire, Namibia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Zambia) between 2011 and 2015 were obtained. DHS questions assessed lifetime physical, emotional, and sexual violence (ever vs. never). Controlling behavior was measured by a revised Conflict Tactics Scale. Multivariate logistic regression examined the association between controlling behavior and IPV adjusting for all covariates, including age, education, marital status, wealth, urban/rural setting, and occupation. An interaction term was included to evaluate the consistency of effect estimates across countries. In all, 45.60% of women reported experiencing one or more forms of IPV (physical, sexual, or emotional violence) in their lifetime, ranging from 31.16% in Côte d'Ivoire to 57.37% in Cameroon. Women who reported controlling behavior by a spouse/partner were more likely to have experienced lifetime physical (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [3.31, 3.85], sexual (AOR = 3.98, CI = [3.47, 4.57]) or emotional (AOR = 3.52, CI = [3.22, 3.85]) violence than women who did not report controlling behavior. Women who reported controlling behavior were also more likely to have experienced one (AOR = 2.57, CI = [2.36, 2.81]) or two/three types (AOR = 5.34, CI = [4.80, 5.94]) of violence. AORs did not significantly differ across countries. Further research is needed to evaluate whether policies, programs, and education aimed at preventing or modifying controlling behavior may reduce IPV.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）通常伴随着控制行为，是撒哈拉以南非洲的一个严重公共卫生问题。本研究数据来自于 2011 年至 2015 年间在撒哈拉以南非洲的 8 个国家（喀麦隆、刚果民主共和国、科特迪瓦、纳米比亚、卢旺达、塞拉利昂、多哥和赞比亚）参加人口健康调查（DHS）的 15 至 49 岁的女性（n=37115）。DHS 问题评估了终生身体、情感和性暴力（曾经 vs. 从未）。控制行为通过修订后的冲突策略量表进行衡量。多变量逻辑回归分析调整了所有协变量（包括年龄、教育、婚姻状况、财富、城乡环境和职业）后，评估了控制行为与 IPV 之间的关联。还纳入了一个交互项来评估各国间效应估计值的一致性。总体而言，45.60%的女性报告称在其一生中经历过一种或多种形式的 IPV（身体、性或情感暴力），范围从科特迪瓦的 31.16%到喀麦隆的 57.37%。报告配偶/伴侣存在控制行为的女性更有可能经历过一生中的身体暴力（调整后的优势比 [AOR] = 3.57，95%置信区间 [CI] = [3.31, 3.85]）、性暴力（AOR = 3.98，CI = [3.47, 4.57]）或情感暴力（AOR = 3.52，CI = [3.22, 3.85]），而没有报告控制行为的女性则不然。报告控制行为的女性也更有可能经历过一种（AOR = 2.57，CI = [2.36, 2.81]）或两种/三种类型（AOR = 5.34，CI = [4.80, 5.94]）的暴力。各国间的 AOR 无显著差异。需要进一步研究评估旨在预防或改变控制行为的政策、方案和教育是否可能减少 IPV。
