Chung Eric Lim Teik, Jesse Faez Firdaus Abdullah, Marza Ali Dhiaa, Ibrahim Hayder Hamzah, Abba Yusuf, Zamri-Saad Mohd, Haron Abdul Wahid, Lila Mohd Azmi Mohd, Saharee Abdul Aziz, Omar Abdul Rahman, Bakar Md Zuki Abu, Norsidin Mohd Jefri
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2019 Jul;51(6):1773-1782. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-01870-w. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
Sudden death is usually the main finding in field animals during haemorrhagic septicaemia outbreaks caused by Pasteurella multocida type B:2 that causes acute, fatal and septicaemic disease in cattle and buffaloes. This situation may be due to failure in early detection of the disease where early treatment of antibiotics may improve the prognosis of the animal and other surviving animals. Thus, there is a grey area on the knowledge on the potential usage of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins as early biomarkers in the diagnosis of haemorrhagic septicaemia. In addition, exploration of the cerebrospinal fluid during infection has never been studied before. Therefore, this study was designed to fill up the grey areas in haemorrhagic septicaemia research. Twenty-one buffalo calves were divided into seven treatment groups where group 1 was inoculated orally with 10 mL of sterile phosphate-buffered saline pH 7 which act as a negative control group. Groups 2 and 3 were inoculated orally and subcutaneously with 10 mL of 10 colony-forming unit of P. multocida type B:2. Group 4 and 5 buffaloes were inoculated orally and intravenously with 10 mL of lipopolysaccharide broth. Groups 6 and 7 were administered orally and subcutaneously with 10 mL of outer membrane protein broth. During the post-infection period of 21 days, blood and cerebrospinal fluid were sampled for the analyses of pro-inflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins and cytological examination. Buffalo calves infected with P. multocida and its immunogens via different routes of inoculation showed significant changes (p < 0.05) of pro-inflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins and cytological changes in both the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Buffalo calves from groups 3 and 7 showed the highest pro-inflammatory cytokines, whereas group 6 had the highest acute phase protein concentration and group 5 revealed the highest value for cytology changes. In summary, results obtained in this study could be used as a profiling study to add novel knowledge to the haemorrhagic septicaemia research as well as the development of biomarkers.
在由B:2型多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的出血性败血症疫情期间，猝死通常是野外动物的主要表现，该病菌会在牛和水牛身上引发急性、致命的败血症疾病。这种情况可能是由于疾病早期检测失败，而早期使用抗生素治疗可能会改善患病动物及其他存活动物的预后。因此，关于促炎细胞因子和急性期蛋白作为出血性败血症早期生物标志物的潜在用途，目前还存在知识空白。此外，此前从未对感染期间的脑脊液进行过研究。因此，本研究旨在填补出血性败血症研究中的空白。将21头水牛犊分为7个治疗组，其中第1组口服接种10 mL pH 7的无菌磷酸盐缓冲盐水，作为阴性对照组。第2组和第3组分别口服和皮下接种10 mL含10个菌落形成单位的B:2型多杀性巴氏杆菌。第4组和第5组水牛分别口服和静脉接种10 mL脂多糖肉汤。第6组和第7组分别口服和皮下给予10 mL外膜蛋白肉汤。在21天的感染后期间，采集血液和脑脊液样本，用于分析促炎细胞因子、急性期蛋白并进行细胞学检查。通过不同接种途径感染多杀性巴氏杆菌及其免疫原的水牛犊，血清和脑脊液中的促炎细胞因子、急性期蛋白及细胞学变化均有显著改变（p < 0.05）。第3组和第7组的水牛犊促炎细胞因子水平最高，而第6组急性期蛋白浓度最高，第5组细胞学变化值最高。总之，本研究所得结果可作为一项剖析研究，为出血性败血症研究及生物标志物的开发增添新知识。
