Tarkowská Danuše, Filek Maria, Krekule Jan, Biesaga-Kościelniak Jolanta, Marciñska Izabela, Popielarska-Konieczna Marzena, Strnad Miroslav
Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Pedagogical University, Podchorązych 2, 30-084 Krakow, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2019 Mar 28;8(4):78. doi: 10.3390/plants8040078.
Despite numerous studies, the role of hormones in the induction of shoot apical meristem leading to reproductive development, especially regarding thermoperiodic plants, is still not fully understood. The key problem is separating the effects of the low temperature required for vernalization from those responsible for low temperature stress. An earlier experiment demonstrated the correlation between an increase of cytokinin level in the apical parts of winter rapeseed and the transition time into their reproductive phase during vernalization, , low temperature treatment. From data obtained from the presented experiments, this study aims to contribute to the understanding the role of cytokinins in the induction of flowering based on the grafting of vegetative apical parts of winter rapeseed (scion) on the reproductive (stock) winter and spring genotypes. On the basis of analyses carried out using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry in combination with microscopic observation of changes at the apical meristem, it was indicated that the increase in the amount of -zeatin and - and -zeatin--glucoside derivatives appeared in the early stages of apex floral differentiation. During further development, the content of all investigated cytokinins passed through the maximum level followed by their decrease. The final level in reproductive apices was found to be higher than that in vegetative ones.
尽管进行了大量研究，但激素在诱导茎尖分生组织导致生殖发育中的作用，尤其是对于感温周期植物而言，仍未被完全理解。关键问题在于区分春化所需低温的影响与造成低温胁迫的影响。一项早期实验表明，冬油菜顶端部分细胞分裂素水平的增加与春化（即低温处理）期间进入生殖阶段的过渡时间之间存在相关性。基于本实验所获得的数据，本研究旨在通过将冬油菜（接穗）的营养顶端部分嫁接到生殖型（砧木）冬性和春性基因型上，来促进对细胞分裂素在诱导开花中作用的理解。基于使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术结合顶端分生组织变化的显微镜观察所进行的分析，结果表明，玉米素以及玉米素核苷和玉米素-O-葡萄糖苷衍生物的含量在顶端花芽分化的早期阶段出现增加。在进一步发育过程中，所有研究的细胞分裂素含量先达到最高水平，随后下降。结果发现，生殖顶端的最终水平高于营养顶端。
