Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS), Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India.
Life Sci. 2019 May 1;224:222-231. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.062. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
Macrophages are cells of innate immunity and are derived from circulating monocytes and embryonic yolk sac. They exhibit high plasticity and polarize functionally in response to stimulus triggering it into classically activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages. This review summarizes markers of M2 macrophages like transmembrane surface receptors and signaling cascades initiated on their activation; cytokine and chemokine repertoires along with their receptors; and genetic markers and their involvement in immunomodulation. The detailed discussion emphasizes the role of these markers in imparting functional benefits to this subset of macrophages which define their venture in various physiological and pathological conditions.
巨噬细胞是先天免疫系统的细胞，来源于循环单核细胞和胚胎卵黄囊。它们表现出高度的可塑性，并在受到刺激时发生功能极化，分为经典激活的 M1 巨噬细胞和选择性激活的 M2 巨噬细胞。本综述总结了 M2 巨噬细胞的标志物，如跨膜表面受体和它们激活时启动的信号级联；细胞因子和趋化因子谱及其受体；以及遗传标志物及其在免疫调节中的作用。详细讨论强调了这些标志物在赋予这些巨噬细胞亚群功能益处方面的作用，这定义了它们在各种生理和病理条件下的作用。
