Riedl Stefan, Riedl-Schlauss Veronika, Häusler Gabriele, Gleiss Andreas
St Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 6, Vienna, Austria.
Division of Pulmology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2019 Jul;131(13-14):337-346. doi: 10.1007/s00508-019-1479-4. Epub 2019 Apr 1.
In developed countries high socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with lower body mass index (BMI) and greater height compared with low SES.
To investigate differences in BMI/height in adolescent students from two different school types with divergent SES backgrounds.
A total of 4579 students (2313 female), aged 11-16 years, attending either low SES vocation-directed secondary schools (VSS) or high SES secondary academic schools (AHS) were compared. Potential differences were investigated using ANCOVA models including sex, school type, geographical region and degree of urbanicity.
At all ages between 11 and 16 years the BMI of students attending VSS was significantly higher than that of students attending AHS (mean +0.87kg/m). The AHS students were on average taller (mean +0.93cm; p<0.001), without statistically significant age-specific differences. The taller height contributed to lower BMI by approximately 25%. Short stature, overweight and obesity were 2.3-fold, 1.8-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively more frequent in VSS than in AHS students. The BMI was higher in students in Vienna than in communities with >100,000 (p<0.001) and 20,000-100,000 (p=0.045) but similar to communities with <20,000 inhabitants.
These findings suggest that differences in BMI and height between students reflect early SES-based grouping into school types according to the academic level of the schools they attend.
在发达国家，与社会经济地位低的人群相比，社会经济地位高的人群体重指数（BMI）较低，身高较高。
调查来自两种不同学校类型、社会经济背景不同的青少年学生在BMI/身高方面的差异。
对4579名年龄在11至16岁之间的学生（2313名女生）进行了比较，这些学生分别就读于社会经济地位低的职业导向型中学（VSS）或社会经济地位高的学术型中学（AHS）。使用协方差分析模型研究潜在差异，该模型包括性别、学校类型、地理区域和城市化程度。
在11至16岁的所有年龄段，就读于VSS的学生的BMI显著高于就读于AHS的学生（平均高0.87kg/m）。AHS的学生平均身高更高（平均高0.93厘米；p<0.001），且无统计学上显著的年龄特异性差异。较高的身高使BMI降低了约25%。身材矮小、超重和肥胖在VSS学生中的发生率分别是AHS学生的2.3倍、1.8倍和2.5倍。维也纳学生的BMI高于人口超过10万的社区（p<0.001）和人口在2万至10万之间的社区（p=0.045），但与人口不足2万的社区相似。
这些发现表明，学生之间BMI和身高的差异反映了根据他们所就读学校的学术水平，早期基于社会经济地位的学校类型分组。
