Wang Xiaoning, Wei Hongli, Liu Xiuzhi, Du Wei, Zhao Xiangjin, Wang Xiaolin
School of Environment and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Nanotechnology. 2019 Aug 9;30(32):325401. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab156d. Epub 2019 Apr 2.
Combining polyaniline (PANI) with different dimensional carbon materials is an effective way to solve the disadvantages of poor rate performance and cycling stability induced by the structure destruction of conductive polymer materials over long-term charge/discharge cycles. In this work, novel three-dimensional (3D) conical PANI nanothorns are synthesized on a buckypaper substrate via a controlled electropolymerization process. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the vertical growth of PANI nanothorns and the excellent mechanical elasticity of multi-wall carbon nanotubes, it can effectively alleviate the volume change during the charging and discharging process of the electrode material and ensure the rapid transmission of electrons. The morphology and structure of the composite have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the electrode exhibits a high specific capacitance of 742 F g at 1 A g in 1 M of HSO electrolyte and a capacitance retention of 76% after 2000 cycles. The novel 3D PANI nanothorn/buckypaper composite has significant potential as practical for use as electrode materials of supercapacitors due to its easy synthesis, low cost, and high specific capacitance.
将聚苯胺（PANI）与不同维度的碳材料相结合，是解决导电聚合物材料在长期充放电循环中因结构破坏而导致倍率性能和循环稳定性较差这一缺点的有效方法。在这项工作中，通过可控的电聚合过程，在巴基纸基底上合成了新型三维（3D）锥形聚苯胺纳米刺。受益于聚苯胺纳米刺的垂直生长与多壁碳纳米管优异的机械弹性之间的协同效应，它能够有效缓解电极材料充放电过程中的体积变化，并确保电子的快速传输。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和傅里叶变换红外光谱对复合材料的形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明，该电极在1 M的HSO电解质中，电流密度为1 A g时，表现出742 F g的高比电容，在2000次循环后电容保持率为76%。这种新型的3D聚苯胺纳米刺/巴基纸复合材料因其易于合成、成本低和比电容高，作为超级电容器的电极材料具有巨大的实际应用潜力。
