Graeff H, Holzmann K, Gokel J M, von Hugo R, Hafter R
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1978 Nov;38(11):887-94.
The rare, acute and dramatic event of amniotic fluid embolism is increasing in relative importance as a cause of maternal mortality. Recent findings based on the estimation and characterization of circulating fibrin, fibrinogen content and fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products indicate that the coagulation disorder is caused by intravascular coagulation and extensive fibrinolysis and fibrinogenolysis. The program of treatment consists of: 1. Management of the acute respiratory insufficiency syndrome by early intubation and ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). 2. Intensive therapy of shock and rapid restoration of blood volume with blood transfusion (fresh whole blood) and infusion of other fluids. 3. Treatment of the coagulation disorder with fibrinogen, antifibrinolytic agents (aprotinin--Trasylol), platelet transfusion and fresh frozen plasma.
羊水栓塞这种罕见、急性且严重的事件，作为孕产妇死亡的一个原因，其相对重要性正在增加。基于对循环纤维蛋白、纤维蛋白原含量以及纤维蛋白 - 纤维蛋白原降解产物的评估和特征分析的最新研究结果表明，凝血障碍是由血管内凝血以及广泛的纤维蛋白溶解和纤维蛋白原溶解所导致的。治疗方案包括：1. 通过早期插管并采用呼气末正压通气（PEEP）来处理急性呼吸窘迫综合征。2. 对休克进行强化治疗，并通过输血（新鲜全血）和输注其他液体迅速恢复血容量。3. 使用纤维蛋白原、抗纤维蛋白溶解剂（抑肽酶——Trasylol）、血小板输注以及新鲜冷冻血浆来治疗凝血障碍。
