Gates Rebecca, Musick David, Greenawald Mark, Carter Kimberly, Bogue Richard, Penwell-Waines Lauren
From the Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, and the Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, the University of Iowa College of Nursing, Iowa City, and Novant Health, Cornelius, North Carolina.
South Med J. 2019 Apr;112(4):199-204. doi: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000962.
There has been significant discussion about the quality of burnout research, especially with regard to abbreviated measurements of burnout and/or well-being. The purpose of this study was to compare a single-item, investigator-developed question measuring perceived well-being with validated multi-item measures of burnout and well-being.
Between 2016 and 2017, healthcare professionals and medical students at a large academic hospital system were sent an online survey measuring the risk of burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), well-being (Physician or Nurse Well-Being Self-Assessment Tool), and perception of personal well-being (Burnout-Thriving Index [BTI], an investigator-developed, single-item measure). Analyses included linear and multiple regression and Pearson correlations.
The study sample included 1365 medical students, frontline nurses, resident physicians, supervising physicians or fellows, and advanced care practitioners. There were significant differences in all Maslach Burnout Inventory and Physician or Nurse Well-Being Self-Assessment Tool subscale scores based on BTI score (all < 0.001). Adjusted ranged from 0.066 (religiospiritual wellness) to 0.343 (emotional exhaustion). BTI had a stronger relation with personal accomplishment in medical students compared with nurses ( = 0.049) and a stronger relation with psychoemotional wellness in physicians and physicians-in-training compared with nurses ( < 0.05). A low BTI score demonstrated >80% sensitivity for high emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment.
The BTI may be used to screen for individuals who could benefit from completing a full burnout assessment and may be used to collect a quick "big picture" impression of burnout and well-being at a healthcare institution. Further research is needed to compare BTI score with known consequences of burnout and to explore differences in the relation between BTI score and psychoemotional wellness in different professional groups.
关于职业倦怠研究的质量一直存在大量讨论，尤其是在职业倦怠和/或幸福感的简化测量方面。本研究的目的是将研究者自行设计的用于测量感知幸福感的单项问题与经过验证的职业倦怠和幸福感多项测量指标进行比较。
在2016年至2017年期间，向一家大型学术医院系统的医护人员和医学生发送了一份在线调查问卷，该问卷用于测量职业倦怠风险（马氏职业倦怠量表）、幸福感（医生或护士幸福感自我评估工具）以及个人幸福感感知（倦怠-蓬勃发展指数[BTI]，一种研究者自行设计的单项测量指标）。分析包括线性回归、多元回归和皮尔逊相关性分析。
研究样本包括1365名医学生、一线护士、住院医师、主治医师或研究员以及高级护理从业者。根据BTI得分，所有马氏职业倦怠量表和医生或护士幸福感自我评估工具子量表得分均存在显著差异（均<0.001）。调整后的范围从0.066（宗教精神健康）到0.343（情感耗竭）。与护士相比，BTI与医学生的个人成就感的关系更强（=0.049），与医生和实习医生的心理情绪健康的关系比护士更强（<0.05）。低BTI得分对高情感耗竭、去个性化和低个人成就感的敏感性>80%。
BTI可用于筛查那些可能从完成全面职业倦怠评估中受益的个体，并可用于快速收集医疗机构中职业倦怠和幸福感的“总体”印象。需要进一步研究将BTI得分与职业倦怠的已知后果进行比较，并探索不同专业群体中BTI得分与心理情绪健康之间关系的差异。
