Olsen Martin, Zhang Renyun, Örtegren Jonas, Andersson Henrik, Yang Ya, Olin Håkan
Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, 851 70, Sundsvall, Sweden.
Department of Electronics Design, Mid Sweden University, 851 70, Sundsvall, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 3;9(1):5543. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42128-7.
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG:s) are used as efficient energy transducers in energy harvesting converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Wind is an abundant source of mechanical energy but how should a good triboelectric wind harvester be designed? We have built and studied a TENG driven by air flow in a table-top sized wind tunnel. Our TENG constitutes of a plastic film of size 10 cm × 2 cm which is fluttering between two copper electrodes generating enough power to light up a battery of LED:s. We measured the voltage and frequency of fluttering at different wind speeds from zero up to 8 m/s for three electrode distances 6 mm, 10 mm and 14 mm. We found that the frequency increases linearly with the wind speed with a cutoff at some low speed. Power was generated already at 1.6 m/s. We seem to be able to explain the observed frequency dependence on wind speed by assuming excitation of the film into different harmonics in response to von Kármán vortices. We also find that the voltage increase linearly with frequency. We anticipate that TENG:s of this design could be useful both as generators and speed sensors because they work at low air speeds.
摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）被用作能量收集领域高效的能量转换装置，可将机械能转化为电能。风是一种丰富的机械能来源，但如何设计出性能优良的摩擦电风力发电机呢？我们搭建并研究了一个由桌面尺寸风洞中的气流驱动的TENG。我们的TENG由一块尺寸为10厘米×2厘米的塑料薄膜构成，该薄膜在两个铜电极之间飘动，产生的电能足以点亮一组发光二极管。我们测量了在风速从零到8米/秒变化时，针对6毫米、10毫米和14毫米这三种电极间距的薄膜飘动电压和频率。我们发现，频率随风速呈线性增加，在某个低速时存在截止现象。在风速为1.6米/秒时就已经能够产生电能。通过假设薄膜响应冯·卡门涡街而被激发到不同谐波，我们似乎能够解释所观察到的频率对风速的依赖性。我们还发现，电压随频率线性增加。我们预计这种设计的TENG既可以用作发电机，也可以用作速度传感器，因为它们在低风速下就能工作。
