Impact of the soluble interleukin-2 receptor level in the relapsed or refractory phase on the clinical outcome of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

This study sought to investigate the impact of the soluble interleukin-2 receptor level in the relapsed or refractory phase (r/r sIL-2R) on the clinical outcome in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We determined the optimal cutoff value of r/r sIL-2R for disease progression within 6 months from salvage chemotherapy to be 861 U/mL. The high r/r sIL-2R group exhibited a significantly lower survival rate than the low r/r sIL-2R group (1-year event-free survival [EFS], 22.6% vs. 55.7%,  < .001 and 1-year overall survival [OS], 45.9% vs. 75.1%,  < .001). Independent significant correlations were observed between r/r sIL-2R and both inferior 1-year EFS and OS in a multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.61-4.51,  < .001 and HR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.57-5.70,  < .001). This study demonstrates that r/r sIL-2R could be useful for predicting a poor prognosis in patients with r/r DLBCL.