Dal Ferro Nicola, Borin Maurizio, Cardinali Alessandra, Cavalli Raffaele, Grigolato Stefano, Zanin Giuseppe
J Environ Qual. 2019 Mar;48(2):280-288. doi: 10.2134/jeq2018.07.0261.
Vegetated buffer strips (VBS) are recognized as a cost-effective way to reduce agricultural nonpoint-source pollution. In agroecosystems with high field fragmentation, only narrow VBS that partially compromise farmers' revenue are accepted. This study aimed to identify some ecosystem services as provided by VBS in terms of soil and water quality, and VBS performance in terms of wood for energy purposes. Buffer strip design (3 vs. 6 m wide) and composition were considered to define best practices for wood use at the farm level and for the local firewood market. Results showed that yearly wood pole production was 0.5 t 100 m, on average, ranging between a minimum of 0.22 t 100 m and a maximum of 0.72 t 100 m per row. Wood production had negligible effects on farmers' revenue. By contrast, water quality was enhanced, especially with 6-m-wide VBS. Specific subsidies for the maintenance of VBS increased total income despite a reduction in crop production (-17.5% in 6-m VBS with two rows). Subsidies might be better quantified at a site-specific level by taking into account all ecosystem services that are provided by VBS. Promising solutions to increase farmers' income are related to the wood seasoning process for firewood production; reducing the moisture content to <25% before the start of the winter season increases its market value.
植被缓冲带（VBS）被认为是减少农业面源污染的一种经济有效的方式。在农田高度碎片化的农业生态系统中，只有部分牺牲农民收入的狭窄植被缓冲带才会被接受。本研究旨在确定植被缓冲带在土壤和水质方面提供的一些生态系统服务，以及在能源用木材方面的性能。考虑了缓冲带设计（3米宽与6米宽）和组成，以确定农场层面和当地薪柴市场木材利用的最佳做法。结果表明，每年每排木杆产量平均为0.5吨/100米，最低为0.22吨/100米，最高为0.72吨/100米。木材生产对农民收入的影响可忽略不计。相比之下，水质得到了改善，尤其是6米宽的植被缓冲带。尽管作物产量有所下降（两行6米宽的植被缓冲带中下降了17.5%），但用于维护植被缓冲带的特定补贴增加了总收入。补贴可以通过考虑植被缓冲带提供的所有生态系统服务，在特定地点层面进行更好的量化。增加农民收入的有前景的解决方案与薪柴生产的木材干燥过程有关；在冬季开始前将水分含量降低到<25%可提高其市场价值。
