Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada.
University of Minnesota, United States.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2019 Jun;94:120-130. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.11.010. Epub 2018 Dec 31.
To examine the prevalence of patient violence in China and the association between patient violence and Chinese health professionals' felt disappointment with their occupations, occupational turnover intention, and word-of-mouth communication.
Data were collected from a convenience sample of 199 Chinese doctors and nurses in the summer of 2016 using two surveys. First, participants reported their experience of patient violence (i.e., physical and non-physical violence). Two weeks later, participants rated their disappointment, occupational turnover intention, and negative occupational word-of-mouth communication. Using path analysis, we examined the mediating role of disappointment in explaining the association between patient violence and health professionals' occupational turnover intention and word-of-mouth communication.
On average, health professionals in the present sample experienced non-physical violence once or twice per month. Non-physical violence was positively related to feeling disappointed with one's occupation, which was in turn positively related to occupational turnover intention and negative word-of-mouth communication. Physical violence was experienced at a much lower rate, and was not correlated with either occupational outcome.
Patient violence found in this study was prevalent, especially in terms of non-physical violence. The rates of patient violence were lower than those in previous studies conducted in China, reflecting potential differences between the present study and earlier studies in study sites, sample composition, measurements, and timing of studies. Nonetheless, our findings show that patient violence can be related to health professionals' intention to leave their occupation and negative word-of-mouth communication regarding their occupation. These findings call for interventions to reduce health professionals' turnover, improve their work conditions and quality-of-life, and subsequently improve the patient-provider relationship and the quality of patients' care.
调查中国患者暴力的流行情况,以及患者暴力与中国卫生专业人员对职业的失望感、职业离职意向和职业负面口碑传播之间的关系。
2016 年夏季,采用方便抽样法对 199 名中国医生和护士进行了两次调查,收集了数据。首先,参与者报告了他们遭受患者暴力(即身体和非身体暴力)的经历。两周后,参与者评估了他们的失望感、职业离职意向和职业负面口碑传播。通过路径分析,我们检验了失望感在解释患者暴力与卫生专业人员职业离职意向和职业负面口碑传播之间的关系中的中介作用。
平均而言,本研究样本中的卫生专业人员每月经历一到两次非身体暴力。非身体暴力与对职业的失望感呈正相关,而失望感又与职业离职意向和职业负面口碑传播呈正相关。身体暴力的发生率要低得多,且与任何职业结果均无相关性。
本研究发现的患者暴力较为普遍,尤其是非身体暴力。患者暴力的发生率低于中国之前研究中的发生率,这反映了本研究与早期研究在研究地点、样本构成、测量方法和研究时间方面的潜在差异。尽管如此,我们的研究结果表明,患者暴力可能与卫生专业人员离开职业的意向以及对职业的负面口碑传播有关。这些发现呼吁采取干预措施来减少卫生专业人员的离职率,改善他们的工作条件和生活质量,从而改善医患关系和患者的护理质量。