Kunimura Hiroshi, Matsuoka Masakazu, Hamada Naoki, Hiraoka Koichi
1 Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Japan.
2 College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Japan.
Percept Mot Skills. 2019 Jun;126(3):446-461. doi: 10.1177/0031512519838688. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
The present study examined whether an internal or external attentional focus would affect participants' feet-in-place balance response to postural stance perturbations. A movable platform automatically slid forward or backward while healthy participants stood on it and (a) performed no cognitive activity (control), (b) focused on the pelvis or upper body sway (internal focus), (c) memorized a number displayed immediately before the platform slid (external focus), or (d) kept the equilibrium of an unstable cylinder over the arm (external focus). The forward displacement of the pelvis induced by the platform sliding forward was smaller when participants focused on their pelvic sway, although such effect was absent when they focused on their upper body sway, indicating that the internal focus was effective for the postural response when attention was paid to the pelvic sway. Regarding an external attention focus, the forward displacement of the pelvis induced by the platform sliding forward was smaller when participants focused on the equilibrium of an unstable object over the arm, but this effect was absent when they focused on the number, indicating that an external focus was only effective when the unstable object focused upon was relevant to the equilibrium of one's own body. No attentional intervention was effective during backward sliding of the support surface, indicating that central set for responding to postural perturbation depends on the direction of the postural perturbation.
本研究探讨了内部或外部注意力焦点是否会影响参与者对姿势扰动的原地脚部平衡反应。当健康参与者站在一个可移动平台上时，该平台会自动向前或向后滑动，并且参与者要：(a) 不进行认知活动（对照组）；(b) 关注骨盆或上半身摇摆（内部焦点）；(c) 记住平台滑动前立即显示的数字（外部焦点）；或 (d) 保持手臂上不稳定圆柱体的平衡（外部焦点）。当参与者关注骨盆摇摆时，平台向前滑动引起的骨盆向前位移较小，尽管当他们关注上半身摇摆时没有这种效果，这表明当关注骨盆摇摆时，内部焦点对姿势反应有效。关于外部注意力焦点，当参与者关注手臂上不稳定物体的平衡时，平台向前滑动引起的骨盆向前位移较小，但当他们关注数字时没有这种效果，这表明只有当所关注的不稳定物体与自身身体平衡相关时，外部焦点才有效。在支撑面后滑期间，没有注意力干预是有效的，这表明对姿势扰动做出反应的中枢定势取决于姿势扰动的方向。
