Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany.
Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
Psychiatry Res. 2019 May;275:304-309. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.038. Epub 2019 Mar 23.
Suicide ideation is a prerequisite for suicide attempts. However, the majority of ideators will never act on their thoughts. It is therefore crucial to understand what differentiates those who consider suicide from those who attempt suicide. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of different aspects of capability for suicide (fearlessness about death, subjective pain tolerance, objective pain persistence) in differentiating suicide ideators from suicide attempters, single attempters from multiple attempters and recent attempters from distant attempters. A total of 308 psychiatric inpatients (53.6% female; age: M=36.92, SD=14.30) suffering from suicide ideation with or without lifetime suicide attempts were compared regarding fearlessness about death, subjective pain tolerance and objective pain persistence (assessed with a pressure algometer). No differences in fearlessness about death, subjective pain tolerance and objective pain persistence were found in suicide ideators vs. attempters, single vs. multiple attempters and recent vs. distant attempters. It might be presumed that fearlessness about death, subjective pain tolerance and objective pain persistence do not offer useful information for the differentiation between suicide ideators and attempters, however, there are several limitations to take into account. Further effort is needed to understand more clearly what differentiates suicide ideators from suicide attempters.
自杀意念是自杀企图的前提。然而，大多数有自杀意念的人从未付诸行动。因此，了解是什么将那些考虑自杀的人与试图自杀的人区分开来至关重要。本研究旨在探讨自杀能力的不同方面（对死亡的无畏、主观疼痛耐受力、客观疼痛持续时间）在区分有自杀意念但无自杀企图者与有自杀企图者、单次企图者与多次企图者以及近期企图者与远期企图者中的作用。共有 308 名精神病住院患者（53.6%为女性；年龄：M=36.92，SD=14.30），他们有或曾有过自杀意念且有或无自杀企图，对他们的死亡无畏感、主观疼痛耐受力和客观疼痛持续时间（用压力测痛计评估）进行了比较。在有自杀意念但无自杀企图者、单次企图者与多次企图者以及近期企图者与远期企图者之间，死亡无畏感、主观疼痛耐受力和客观疼痛持续时间均无差异。可以推测，对死亡的无畏感、主观疼痛耐受力和客观疼痛持续时间并不能为区分有自杀意念者和企图者提供有用信息，然而，需要考虑到几个限制因素。需要进一步努力以更清楚地了解是什么将有自杀意念者与自杀企图者区分开来。
