Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2019 May;194:96-106. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.03.018. Epub 2019 Mar 28.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach for the treatment of different types of cancer and has been brought into focus for its synergy, compatibility, repeatability, relatively inexpensive cost and it's typically more efficacious nature. Photosensitizers (PSs) play a major role in PDT and are the core of this specific therapy. Al (III) Phthalocyanine Chloride Tetra sulfonic Acid (AlPcSCl) PS is an aromatic macrocyclic metal-based compound that is synthetically derived. It aids in deep tissue penetration due to its far red light activation wavelength, low photo bleaching, increased quantum yields and stability. Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide accounting for approximately 1 in 5 of all cancer-related deaths. In this study, we explored the photochemical properties of AlPcSCl, its uptake into lung cancer, the intracellular localization and photodynamic action on lung cancer (A549 cells). Results indicated that AlPcSCl is a stable PS that localizes in intracellular organelles including the mitochondrion and lysosomes. PDT using AlPcSCl indicated an increase in cell death and decrease in cell proliferation and viability. AlPcSCl showed to be effective in treating lung cancer in vitro, however the resulting PDT efficacy will finally depend on the biological features such as tumour vasculature and tumour specific accumulation when used as a clinical application. It is noted that PDT can be considered as an adjunct therapy until standard protocols for various tumour types along with a relevant PS has been validated.
光动力疗法（PDT）是一种有前途的治疗不同类型癌症的方法，因其协同作用、兼容性、可重复性、相对低廉的成本和通常更有效的特性而受到关注。光敏剂（PS）在 PDT 中起着重要作用，是这种特定疗法的核心。铝（III）酞菁氯四磺酸（AlPcSCl）PS 是一种合成衍生的芳香大环金属基化合物。由于其远红光激活波长、低光漂白、增加的量子产率和稳定性，它有助于深层组织穿透。肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，约占所有癌症相关死亡的 1/5。在这项研究中，我们探讨了 AlPcSCl 的光化学性质、它在肺癌中的摄取、细胞内定位以及对肺癌（A549 细胞）的光动力作用。结果表明，AlPcSCl 是一种稳定的 PS，定位于包括线粒体和溶酶体在内的细胞内细胞器中。使用 AlPcSCl 的 PDT 表明细胞死亡增加，细胞增殖和活力降低。AlPcSCl 显示在体外治疗肺癌有效，然而，当作为临床应用时，最终的 PDT 疗效将取决于生物学特征，如肿瘤血管和肿瘤特异性积累。需要注意的是，PDT 可以被认为是一种辅助治疗，直到针对各种肿瘤类型的标准方案以及相关的 PS 得到验证。
