Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2019 Jun;89:458-467. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.070. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
White spot disease (WSD) is a highly virulent viral disease in shrimps. Clinical signs and high mortality of WSD is generally observed after a few days of infection by White Spot Syndrome virus (WSSV). Mud crabs are the major carrier and persistent host for the WSSV. However, an elucidation of viral interaction and persistent mode of WSSV infection in mud crab is still limited. We investigated the defensive role of mud crab (Scylla olivacea) hemocytes against WSSV infection by using comparative proteomic analysis coupled with electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-LC/MS/MS). The proteomic maps of expressed proteins obtained from WSSV infected hemocytes revealed differential proteins related to various biological functions, including immune response, anti-apoptosis, endocytosis, phosphorylation signaling, stress response, oxygen transport, molting, metabolism, and biosynthesis. Four distinctive cell types of crab hemocytes: hyaline cells (HC), small granular cells (SGC), large granular cells (LGC) and mixed granular cells (MGC) were found susceptible to WSSV. However, immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated a complete replication of WSSV only in SGC and LGC. WSSV induced apoptosis was also observed in HC, SGC and MGC except for LGC. These results suggested that HC and MGC may undergo apoptosis prior to a complete assembly of virion, while SGC is more susceptible showing higher amplification and releasing of virion. In contrast, WSSV may inhibit apoptosis in infected LGC to stay in latency. This present finding provides an insight for the responsive roles of crustacean hemocyte cells involved in molecular interaction and defense mechanism against WSSV.
白斑综合征（WSD）是一种对虾高度致命的病毒性疾病。在感染白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）几天后，通常会观察到 WSD 的临床症状和高死亡率。泥蟹是 WSSV 的主要携带者和持续性宿主。然而，WSSV 感染泥蟹的病毒相互作用和持续感染模式的阐明仍然有限。我们通过比较蛋白质组学分析结合电喷雾电离液相色谱串联质谱（ESI-LC/MS/MS）研究了泥蟹（Scylla olivacea）血细胞对 WSSV 感染的防御作用。从 WSSV 感染的血细胞中获得的表达蛋白的蛋白质组图谱揭示了与各种生物学功能相关的差异蛋白，包括免疫反应、抗细胞凋亡、内吞作用、磷酸化信号转导、应激反应、氧气运输、蜕皮、代谢和生物合成。发现四种不同类型的蟹血细胞：透明细胞（HC）、小颗粒细胞（SGC）、大颗粒细胞（LGC）和混合颗粒细胞（MGC）均易受 WSSV 感染。然而，免疫组织化学分析表明，只有 SGC 和 LGC 中 WSSV 能够完全复制。除 LGC 外，HC、SGC 和 MGC 中也观察到 WSSV 诱导的细胞凋亡。这些结果表明，HC 和 MGC 可能在病毒颗粒完全组装之前发生细胞凋亡，而 SGC 更易感染，表现出更高的扩增和释放病毒颗粒。相比之下，WSSV 可能抑制感染的 LGC 中的细胞凋亡以保持潜伏状态。本研究结果为甲壳动物血细胞参与分子相互作用和防御 WSSV 的机制提供了新的见解。
