Amza Abdou, Kadri Boubacar, Nassirou Beido, Cotter Sun Y, Stoller Nicole E, West Sheila K, Bailey Robin L, Porco Travis C, Keenan Jeremy D, Lietman Thomas M, Oldenburg Catherine E
a Programme FSS/Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Programme Nationale des Soins Oculaire , Niamey , Niger.
b Francis I. Proctor Foundation , University of California , San Francisco , USA.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2019 Aug;26(4):231-237. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2019.1597129. Epub 2019 Apr 8.
: The clinical sign trachomatous inflammation - follicular (TF) is used to monitor indication for and response to mass azithromycin distribution in trachoma-endemic communities. Here, we assess the relationship between TF, trachomatous inflammation - intense (TI), and infection with ocular over time during annual mass azithromycin distribution. : We used data from a cluster-randomized trial of mass azithromycin distribution for trachoma control in a mesoendemic region of Niger. This study includes 24 communities that received 3 years of annual mass azithromycin distribution. TF, TI, and ocular chlamydia infection were monitored among children aged 0-5 years. We assessed the correlation between the prevalence of ocular chlamydia infection and 1) TF and 2) TI prevalence over time. : At baseline, ocular chlamydia prevalence was 21.2% (95% CI 14.3-28.1%), TF prevalence was 27.7% (95% CI 21.2-34.2%), and TI prevalence was 8.3% (95% CI 5.2-11.5%). The prevalence of all three measures decreased significantly over time (P < 0.001). At baseline, ocular chlamydia infection prevalence was strongly correlated with both TF (rho = 0.78, P < 0.0001) and TI (rho = 0.76, P < 0.0001). The correlation between ocular chlamydia infection and both TF and TI was weak at months 12 and 24. At 36 months, when TF prevalence had dropped below 10%, ocular chlamydia infection and TF were moderately correlated (rho = 0.70, = 0.0002). Both TF and TI are good indicators of infection prevalence prior to mass azithromycin distribution. However, this relationship may be affected by repeated rounds of mass azithromycin distribution.
沙眼性炎症-滤泡型（TF）这一临床体征用于监测沙眼流行社区大规模阿奇霉素分发的指征及反应。在此，我们评估在年度大规模阿奇霉素分发期间，TF、沙眼性炎症-重度（TI）与眼部感染随时间的关系。
我们使用了在尼日尔一个中度流行地区进行的大规模阿奇霉素分发用于沙眼控制的整群随机试验数据。本研究包括24个社区，这些社区接受了为期3年的年度大规模阿奇霉素分发。对0至5岁儿童进行了TF、TI和眼部衣原体感染监测。我们评估了眼部衣原体感染患病率与1）TF以及2）TI患病率随时间的相关性。
在基线时，眼部衣原体患病率为21.2%（95%可信区间14.3 - 28.1%），TF患病率为27.7%（95%可信区间21.2 - 34.2%），TI患病率为8.3%（95%可信区间5.2 - 11.5%）。所有这三项指标的患病率均随时间显著下降（P < 0.001）。在基线时，眼部衣原体感染患病率与TF（rho = 0.78，P < 0.0001）和TI（rho = 0.76，P < 0.0001）均密切相关。在第12个月和第24个月时，眼部衣原体感染与TF和TI的相关性较弱。在36个月时，当TF患病率降至10%以下时，眼部衣原体感染与TF呈中度相关（rho = 0.70，P = 0.0002）。
TF和TI都是大规模阿奇霉素分发前感染患病率的良好指标。然而，这种关系可能会受到多轮大规模阿奇霉素分发的影响。
