Ring-Mrozik E, Angerpointner T A
Prog Pediatr Surg. 1986;20:158-87. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-70825-1_13.
From early days on physicians took interest in hydrocephaly because of its grotesque appearance. Already Hippocrates recommended decompression-trepanation for the treatment of hydrocephalus. Only since anatomy and pathophysiology of hydrocephalus as well as production and absorption of the cerebrospinal fluid was clarified, more effective operative techniques could be developed. Conservative treatment was unsuccessful or was useful only as temporary or adjuvant therapy supporting surgical procedures. A great variety of operative methods was described since the middle of 19th century which yielded, however, unsatisfactory results in most instances. Results improved since the introduction of effective valve systems in combination with ventriculoatrial and ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Despite of improved results, the treatment of hydrocephalus remains problematic as is shown by the still high complication rate and the restless search for more effective ways of treatment.
从早期开始，医生们就因其怪异的外观而对脑积水产生了兴趣。希波克拉底就已推荐采用减压环锯术来治疗脑积水。直到脑积水的解剖学、病理生理学以及脑脊液的产生和吸收得以阐明，才能够开发出更有效的手术技术。保守治疗要么不成功，要么仅作为支持手术程序的临时或辅助疗法才有用。自19世纪中叶以来，人们描述了各种各样的手术方法，但在大多数情况下，这些方法都产生了不尽人意的结果。自从引入有效的瓣膜系统并结合脑室心房分流术和脑室腹腔分流术后，结果有所改善。尽管结果有所改善，但脑积水的治疗仍然存在问题，这从仍然很高的并发症发生率以及对更有效治疗方法的不断探索中可见一斑。
