Liu Ya, Zhang Gaokai, Zhuang Xupin, Li Sisi, Shi Lei, Kang Weimin, Cheng Bowen, Xu Xianlin
State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2019 Feb 19;11(2):364. doi: 10.3390/polym11020364.
In this work, a nylon 6 nanofibrous membrane was prepared via solution blowing technology and followed hot-press as scaffold for nanofiltration. The structure and properties of the hot-pressed nylon 6 nanofibrous membrane (HNM) were studied the effect of hot-pressing parameters and areal densities. Then an ultra-thin polyamide (PA) active layer was prepared by interfacial polymerization on HNM. The effects of nanofibrous scaffolds on the surface properties of ultra-thin nanofiltration membranes and their filtration performance were studied. Results showed that the nylon 6 nanofibers prepared at a concentration of 15 wt % had a good morphology and diameter distribution and the nanofibers were stacked more tightly and significantly reduced in diameter after hot pressing at 180 °C under the pressure of 15 MPa for 10 s. When the porous scaffold was prepared, HNM with an areal density of 9.4 and 14.1 g/m² has a better apparent structure, a smaller pore size, a higher porosity and a greater strength. At the same time, different areal densities of HNM have an important influence on the preparation and properties of nanofiltration membranes. With the increase of areal density, the uniformity of HNM increased while their surface roughness and pore size decreased, which is beneficial to the establishment of PA barrier layer. With areal density of 9.4 and 14.1 g/m², the as-prepared nanofiltration membrane has a smoother surface and more outstanding filtration performance. The pure water flux is 13.1 L m h and the filtration efficiencies for NaCl and Na₂SO₄ are 81.3% and 85.1%, respectively.
在本工作中，通过溶液吹塑技术制备了尼龙6纳米纤维膜，并随后进行热压以作为纳滤支架。研究了热压尼龙6纳米纤维膜（HNM）的结构和性能、热压参数和面密度的影响。然后通过界面聚合在HNM上制备了超薄聚酰胺（PA）活性层。研究了纳米纤维支架对超薄纳滤膜表面性能及其过滤性能的影响。结果表明，浓度为15 wt%制备的尼龙6纳米纤维具有良好的形态和直径分布，在15 MPa压力下于180℃热压10 s后，纳米纤维堆积更紧密且直径显著减小。制备多孔支架时，面密度为9.4和14.1 g/m²的HNM具有更好的表观结构、更小的孔径、更高的孔隙率和更大的强度。同时，不同面密度的HNM对纳滤膜的制备和性能有重要影响。随着面密度的增加，HNM的均匀性增加，而其表面粗糙度和孔径减小，这有利于PA阻挡层的形成。面密度为9.4和14.1 g/m²时，制备的纳滤膜表面更光滑，过滤性能更优异。纯水通量为13.1 L m⁻² h⁻¹，对NaCl和Na₂SO₄的过滤效率分别为81.3%和85.1%。
