Departamento de Laboratorios de Investigacion y de Servicios, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Sede Central, Mosquera 250047, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepción, Vicente Méndez 595, Chillan 3780000, Chile.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Apr 8;16(7):1246. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16071246.
Wood ash produced through cellulose manufacturing has agricultural uses due to its neutralizing power, like that of commercial products, in addition to providing key soil nutrients such as Ca, Mg, K, and P. However, this industrial waste can possess heavy metal(oid)s that bioaccumulate in the food chain. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of wood ash (WA) on the physicochemical properties of an Ultisol, the mobility of heavy metal(oid)s (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni) in the soil-plant-water system, and the nutritional response (N, P, and K) of ryegrass ( L.). The experiment was conducted in pots, under greenhouse conditions, using a completely randomized design. Ryegrass was grown in pots containing mixtures of WA plus soil at 7.5, 15, 30, and 75 g kg, commercial lime plus soil at 1.5 g kg, and unamended soil as a control. Heavy metal(oid)s were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). All WA doses favored an increase in pH and the availability of P, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cu, and Zn in soil and N, P, and K absorption in ryegrass. WA favored the availability and later absorption of heavy metal(oid)s by ryegrass (staying mainly in the roots). Heavy metal(oid)s mobility in the soil-plant-water system was as follows: Cr > Pb > Ni > As.
通过纤维素制造产生的草木灰由于其中和能力，与商业产品一样，除了提供 Ca、Mg、K 和 P 等关键土壤养分外，还具有农业用途。然而，这种工业废物可能含有重金属（类金属），这些重金属（类金属）会在食物链中生物累积。本研究的目的是确定草木灰（WA）对风化土物理化学性质的影响、重金属（类金属）（As、Cd、Cr、Pb 和 Ni）在土壤-植物-水系统中的迁移性，以及黑麦草（ L.）的营养响应（N、P 和 K）。该实验在温室条件下的盆中进行，采用完全随机设计。黑麦草在含有 WA 与土壤混合物的盆中生长，WA 与土壤的比例为 7.5、15、30 和 75 g kg，商业石灰与土壤的比例为 1.5 g kg，未添加土壤作为对照。通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）分析重金属（类金属）。所有 WA 剂量都有利于增加土壤的 pH 值和 P、Ca、Mg、Na、K、Cu 和 Zn 的有效性，以及黑麦草对 N、P 和 K 的吸收。WA 有利于重金属（类金属）在黑麦草中的有效性和随后的吸收（主要停留在根部）。土壤-植物-水系统中重金属（类金属）的迁移性如下：Cr> Pb> Ni> As。
