Chen Hengzhi, Tian Xiaoxue, Liu Jing
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2018 Mar 24;10(4):362. doi: 10.3390/polym10040362.
Hydrophobic zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were produced through grafting aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) and oleic acid (OA), which was activated by ,'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI). The functional group containing ZnO nanoparticles were incorporated into unsaturated polyester (UP) resin, and their dispersibility in the UP matrix and effects on the properties of UP/ZnO nanocomposites were investigated. ZnO nanoparticles modified by APS and OA activated by CDI, (CDI⁻OA⁻APS⁻ZnO), can be homogeneously dispersed as supported by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations and had been encapsulated in the UP resin. CDI⁻OA⁻APS⁻ZnO nanoparticles were embedded in the net structure of the UP composites through chemical bonds between oleic acid, styrene, and polyester resin, which significantly influence the cure reaction of UP resin and the properties of UP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results show that the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles could improve the thermal stability of UP when thermal cracking temperature exceeds 365 °C. The exothermic peak and the initial temperature of cure reaction of the UP resin decreased with increasing ZnO content. The tensile strength and bending strength of UP/CDI⁻OA⁻APS⁻ZnO nanocomposites increased by 91.4% and 71.3% when 3 wt % CDI⁻OA⁻APS⁻ZnO nanoparticles was added into the composites, respectively, compared with pure UP resin.
通过接枝氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APS）和经羰基二咪唑（CDI）活化的油酸（OA）制备了疏水性氧化锌（ZnO）纳米颗粒。将含官能团的ZnO纳米颗粒引入不饱和聚酯（UP）树脂中，研究了它们在UP基体中的分散性以及对UP/ZnO纳米复合材料性能的影响。经透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究证实，经CDI活化的APS和OA改性的ZnO纳米颗粒（CDI⁻OA⁻APS⁻ZnO）能够均匀分散，并已被封装在UP树脂中。CDI⁻OA⁻APS⁻ZnO纳米颗粒通过油酸、苯乙烯和聚酯树脂之间的化学键嵌入UP复合材料的网络结构中，这显著影响了UP树脂的固化反应和UP复合材料的性能。热重分析（TGA）结果表明，当热裂解温度超过365℃时，ZnO纳米颗粒的加入可提高UP的热稳定性。UP树脂固化反应的放热峰和起始温度随ZnO含量的增加而降低。与纯UP树脂相比，当向复合材料中添加3 wt%的CDI⁻OA⁻APS⁻ZnO纳米颗粒时，UP/CDI⁻OA⁻APS⁻ZnO纳米复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高了91.4%和71.3%。
