Huang Anny S, Carvallo Francisco R, Pitesky Maurice E, Stoute Simone
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo).
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California, Davis branch (Mete).
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2019 May;31(3):368-370. doi: 10.1177/1040638719843966. Epub 2019 Apr 11.
In contrast to conventional commercial poultry, which are raised primarily in controlled indoor environments, backyard poultry are typically raised in less restricted settings, potentially exposing them to a greater variety of ingestible substances, including multiple types of forage. Consequently, problems such as gastrointestinal impactions caused by ingesta have been noted in backyard poultry. To determine the prevalence of these impactions in backyard poultry, we performed a retrospective database search for autopsy submissions to the California Animal Health and Food Safety laboratory system and found that gastrointestinal impaction was associated with the death of 42 backyard poultry cases (40 chickens, 1 turkey, and 1 goose) from January 2013 to July 2018. In 32 of these 42 (76%) cases, the impaction was caused by fibrous plant material, 7 (17%) by compacted feed, and 3 (7%) by miscellaneous ingesta (tortilla, plastic, and wood shavings). The large proportion of grass impactions indicate that foraging is the predominant source of impaction material in backyard poultry, and that long grasses may be a significant health hazard for poultry. Backyard, pasture-raised, and free-range poultry producers are advised to maintain short pastures, avoid feeds that may expand in the gastrointestinal tract, and provide adequate grit to prevent impactions.
与主要在可控室内环境中饲养的传统商业家禽不同，后院家禽通常在限制较少的环境中饲养，这可能使它们接触到更多种类的可摄入物质，包括多种草料。因此，在后院家禽中已发现诸如因食入物导致的胃肠阻塞等问题。为了确定这些阻塞在后院家禽中的发生率，我们对提交给加利福尼亚动物健康与食品安全实验室系统的尸检记录进行了回顾性数据库搜索，发现2013年1月至2018年7月期间，有42例（40只鸡、1只火鸡和1只鹅）后院家禽的死亡与胃肠阻塞有关。在这42例中的32例（76%）中，阻塞是由纤维状植物材料引起的，7例（17%）由压实饲料引起，3例（7%）由其他食入物（玉米饼、塑料和刨花）引起。大量的草料阻塞表明，觅食是后院家禽阻塞物的主要来源，长草可能对家禽构成重大健康危害。建议后院、牧场饲养和散养家禽生产者保持牧场短草，避免使用可能在胃肠道膨胀的饲料，并提供足够的沙砾以防止阻塞。
