Hedayat Evrigh Nemat, Omri Mostafa, Boustan Azadeh, Seyedsharifi Reza, Vahedi Vahid
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2018 May;64:107-111. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.02.011. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
The source and history of horse domestication have been studied for decades in biology and archeology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic structure and the genetic relationship between six breeds of native horses using mitochondrial D-loop region. Blood samples were collected from 96 horses. Total DNA was extracted, and 430 bp of D-Loop region (hyper variable) was amplified and sequenced using Sanger sequencing methods. The analysis of data led to identify 48 polymorphic sites that create 52 haplotypes. The plotted phylogenic tree for haplotypes of Iranian native horses is placed in the 11 haplogroups including A, B, C, E, G, I, L, M, N, P, and Q. Genetic and haplotype diversity values obtained were 0.0233 and 0.980, respectively. Nucleotide diversity (Pi) was observed between 0.0172 and 0.0242 in populations. In addition, the average number of nucleotide differences (k) ranged from 6.0 (Darehshori or Qashqai horse [DAH]) to 8.5 (Kord horse [KOH]) with an average value of 7.8. The highest and lowest genetic differentiates were observed between KOH and DAH (Fst = 0.193) and between North West native horse and horse riding club in North West (Fst = 0.003), respectively. Tajima D of 0.441 was obtained for all samples which was not significant (P > .01). The results indicate high genetic variety and numerous maternal lines in native horses of Iran.
几十年来，生物学和考古学一直在研究马的驯化来源和历史。本研究的目的是利用线粒体D-loop区域评估六个本土马品种的遗传结构和遗传关系。从96匹马身上采集了血样。提取了总DNA，并使用桑格测序方法扩增和测序了430bp的D-Loop区域（高变区）。数据分析导致识别出48个多态性位点，这些位点产生了52种单倍型。伊朗本土马单倍型的系统发育树被置于11个单倍群中，包括A、B、C、E、G、I、L、M、N、P和Q。获得的遗传多样性和单倍型多样性值分别为0.0233和0.980。群体中的核苷酸多样性（Pi）在0.0172至0.0242之间。此外，核苷酸差异的平均数（k）范围从6.0（达雷什霍里马或卡什卡伊马[DAH]）到8.5（库尔德马[KOH]），平均值为7.8。遗传分化最高和最低的分别出现在KOH和DAH之间（Fst = 0.193）以及西北本土马和西北骑马俱乐部的马之间（Fst = 0.003）。所有样本的Tajima D值为0.441，不显著（P > 0.01）。结果表明伊朗本土马具有高度的遗传多样性和众多的母系血统。
