Yılmaz D, Orhan K, Cesur E
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, 06810 Ankara, Turkey.
OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2020;79(1):148-155. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2019.0043. Epub 2019 Apr 11.
The aim of this study was to examine the morphologic features of the stylohyoid complex (SHC) and its relation to maxillomandibular position using three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.
CBCT images from 157 individuals (74 females, 83 males) were analysed in this study. SHC length, width, and sagittal and transverse angles were measured. The subjects were grouped as skeletal class I, II, and III in order to determine the relative positions of the maxilla and mandible in the sagittal plane and as hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent according to the vertical rotation of the mandible in relation to the skull base. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used for statistical analysis.
Mean SHC length was 23.56 ± 8.05 mm on the right side and 22.0 ± 6.51 mm on the left; mean SHC width was 3.31 ± 1.40 mm on the right and 2.93 ± 1.30 mm on the left. Mean sagittal angle was 27.43 ± 6.75° on the right side, 27.70 ± 6.51° on the left; mean transverse angle was 70.39 ± 4.59° on the right side and 71.79 ± 4.99° on the left. The only significant difference based on skeletal classification was greater SHC length among males compared to females in the class III group (p < 0.05).
No significant relationship was observed between SHC morphology and position of the maxilla or mandible. However, the gender difference observed among class III subjects suggests that SHC morphology may be affected by craniofacial morphology. Maxillofacial surgeons should investigate this anatomical landmark variation before surgical interventions involving this region, such as temporomandibular joint procedures.
本研究旨在利用三维锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）图像，研究茎突舌骨复合体（SHC）的形态特征及其与上下颌位置的关系。
本研究分析了157名个体（74名女性，83名男性）的CBCT图像。测量了SHC的长度、宽度、矢状角和横角。为了确定上颌骨和下颌骨在矢状面的相对位置，将受试者分为骨骼I类、II类和III类，并根据下颌骨相对于颅底的垂直旋转情况分为低角型、均角型和高角型。采用曼-惠特尼U检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯H检验进行统计分析。
右侧SHC平均长度为23.56±8.05mm，左侧为22.0±6.51mm；右侧SHC平均宽度为3.31±1.40mm，左侧为2.93±1.30mm。右侧矢状角平均为27.43±6.75°，左侧为27.70±6.51°；右侧横角平均为70.39±4.59°，左侧为71.79±4.99°。基于骨骼分类的唯一显著差异是III类组中男性的SHC长度大于女性（p<0.05）。
未观察到SHC形态与上颌骨或下颌骨位置之间存在显著关系。然而，III类受试者中观察到的性别差异表明，SHC形态可能受颅面形态的影响。颌面外科医生在涉及该区域的手术干预（如颞下颌关节手术）之前，应研究这种解剖标志的变异情况。
