Bernstein John, Roye Scott, Calamia Matthew, De Vito Alyssa
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 217 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
Atten Defic Hyperact Disord. 2019 Dec;11(4):403-411. doi: 10.1007/s12402-019-00303-w. Epub 2019 Apr 12.
This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a novel, more cost-effective driving simulator, Assetto Corsa (AC), in detecting differences in driving performance between individuals with and without ADHD. Driving simulators are a useful means of assessing driving performance in those with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, they are frequently expensive and thus unavailable to many researchers. A total of 87 participants (16 with ADHD, 71 without) completed an AC driving simulator task. They also completed computerized measures of attention and executive functioning and a questionnaire assessing self-reported driving behaviors and anger, ADHD and related symptoms, and mind wandering. Relative to those without ADHD, participants with ADHD reached higher average ground speeds and more greatly utilized the throttle. They also applied higher maximum pressure to the throttle and brake pedals. Within the full sample, greater mind wandering was associated with average and maximum throttle pressure and maximum ground speed. Findings confirm prior works indicative of a deleterious effect of ADHD diagnosis on simulator performance and may be attributed to a combination of impulsivity and mind wandering.
本研究旨在评估一种新型、更具成本效益的驾驶模拟器——《神力科莎》（AC）在检测患有和未患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的个体之间驾驶性能差异方面的效用。驾驶模拟器是评估注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者驾驶性能的一种有用手段；然而，它们通常价格昂贵，因此许多研究人员无法使用。共有87名参与者（16名患有ADHD，71名未患有）完成了AC驾驶模拟器任务。他们还完成了注意力和执行功能的计算机化测量，以及一份评估自我报告的驾驶行为、愤怒、ADHD及相关症状和走神情况的问卷。与未患有ADHD的参与者相比，患有ADHD的参与者达到了更高的平均地面速度，并且更多地使用了油门。他们还对油门和刹车踏板施加了更高的最大压力。在整个样本中，更多的走神与平均和最大油门压力以及最大地面速度相关。研究结果证实了先前的研究结果，即ADHD诊断对模拟器性能有有害影响，这可能归因于冲动和走神的综合作用。
