Department of Emergency Medicine, Research and Training Hospital, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.
Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
Arch Iran Med. 2019 Feb 1;22(2):80-84.
Firearm related injuries continue to increase throughout the world and they become the first or second cause of mortality in worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the factors that affect mortality in firearm injuries.
The patients which were admitted to emergency service between January 2011 and December 2015 due to firearm injuries, were reviewed from hospital records. The patients were evaluated in terms of their age, sex, event time, admission time, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), the reason of event, type of weapon, the region of the body that injured, department in which they were hospitalized, hospitalization duration and the relation between these parameters and mortality.
A total of 174 patients (86.8% male, 13.2% female) were identified. The mean age of patients was 35.2 years and 30 patients (17.2%) died. Among the cases, 137 were attempted homicide (78.7%), 23 were accidents and the remaining 14 were suicides. The suicidal cases had significantly higher mortality rate than other causes (P=0.003). The most frequently used weapon was pistols (73.6%) and the events took place between 18.00 and 24.00 (36.2%) hours mainly. The injuries were mostly on extremities, however many of deaths were seen after head- neck injuries and the mortality rate of head and neck injuries was significantly higher than other regions (P<0.001). The mean of hospitalization duration was 9.1 days and it was 10.2 ± 11.7 days for survivors, 4 ± 7.3 days for died subjects. The hospitalization duration of died patients was significantly shorter than survivors (P=0.042). The GCS of died patients (4.4 ± 1.7) was significantly lower than those of survivors (13.3 ± 2.8) (P<0.001). The ISS score of died patients (49.7 ± 24.1) was significantly higher than those of survivors (13.6 ± 10.6) (P<0.001).
It was determined that GCS, ISS, length of hospitalization, injuries due to suicide attempt, the department of hospitalization, injuries to head-neck regions affected mortality significantly.
枪支相关伤害在全球范围内持续增加，已成为全球范围内死亡的第一或第二大原因。本研究旨在确定影响枪支伤害死亡率的因素。
对 2011 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月期间因枪支伤害而到急诊就诊的患者进行病历回顾。评估患者的年龄、性别、事件发生时间、入院时间、格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）、损伤严重程度评分（ISS）、事件原因、武器类型、受伤身体部位、住院科室、住院时间以及这些参数与死亡率之间的关系。
共确定了 174 名患者（86.8%为男性，13.2%为女性）。患者的平均年龄为 35.2 岁，有 30 名患者（17.2%）死亡。其中，137 例为蓄意凶杀（78.7%），23 例为意外，其余 14 例为自杀。自杀病例的死亡率明显高于其他原因（P=0.003）。最常使用的武器是手枪（73.6%），事件主要发生在 18.00 至 24.00 小时（36.2%）。受伤主要发生在四肢，但许多死亡发生在头颈部损伤后，头颈部损伤的死亡率明显高于其他部位（P<0.001）。平均住院时间为 9.1 天，幸存者为 10.2 ± 11.7 天，死亡者为 4 ± 7.3 天。死亡患者的住院时间明显短于幸存者（P=0.042）。死亡患者的 GCS（4.4 ± 1.7）明显低于幸存者（13.3 ± 2.8）（P<0.001）。死亡患者的 ISS 评分（49.7 ± 24.1）明显高于幸存者（13.6 ± 10.6）（P<0.001）。
GCS、ISS、住院时间、自杀企图所致损伤、住院科室、头颈部损伤显著影响死亡率。
