Liu Yuqing, Lu Jian, Huang Yi, Ma Lulin
Urology Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
J Oncol. 2019 Mar 10;2019:6230409. doi: 10.1155/2019/6230409. eCollection 2019.
Because of its proven efficacy, intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy is an important treatment for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer at high risk of recurrence or progression. However, approximately 8% of patients have to stop BCG instillation as a result of its complications. Complications induced by BCG therapy can have a variety of clinical manifestations. These adverse reactions may occur in conjunction with BCG instillation or may not develop until months or years after BCG cessation. An essential step in the management complications arising from BCG is early establishment of diagnosis, particularly for distant, disseminated, and obscure infections. Therefore we reviewed the literature on the potential complications after intravesical BCG immunotherapy for bladder cancer and provide an overview on the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment modality of genitourinary and systemic BCG-induced complications.
由于其已证实的疗效，膀胱内卡介苗（BCG）免疫疗法是治疗具有高复发或进展风险的非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌的重要方法。然而，约8%的患者因BCG的并发症而不得不停止膀胱内灌注。BCG治疗引起的并发症可有多种临床表现。这些不良反应可能与BCG灌注同时发生，也可能在停止BCG治疗数月或数年之后才出现。处理BCG引起的并发症的一个关键步骤是早期确立诊断，尤其是对于远处、播散性及隐匿性感染。因此，我们回顾了关于膀胱癌膀胱内BCG免疫疗法后潜在并发症的文献，并对泌尿生殖系统及全身性BCG引起的并发症的发生率、诊断及治疗方式进行概述。
