Oruganti Aditya, Kavi Avinash, Walvekar Padmaja R
Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Feb;8(2):487-492. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_388_18.
Diabetes mellitus is increasing its share of burden to the health-related problems in developing countries such as India. Urban slum residents constitute the "vulnerable population" who lack the basic health amenities. Lack of effective screening for primary prevention has been one of the reasons for the rising burden.
The cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 adults aged between 30 and 60 years residing in a settled slum of Rukmini Nagar area of Belagavi city, Karnataka. Data were collected after taking written informed consent from each participant using a pretested questionnaire that included demographic information and details of the risk factors. Risk of developing diabetes was assessed by using Indian Diabetes Risk Score. Results are expressed as proportions, and analysis was done using Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.
The mean age of participants was 44.3 ± 8.7 years. The proportion of low, moderate, and high risk of developing diabetes mellitus was 7%, 63%, and 30%, respectively. The prevalence of newly diagnosed cases was 10.25%. Moreover, 57.1% of them with positive family history were in the high risk category; 76.9% of the sedentary workers were at higher risk; overweight and obese individuals had higher proportion of the high and moderate risk ( < 0.0001). Correlation coefficient (R) was 0.782, and coefficient of determination (R) was 0.61.
Our study demonstrated that advancing age, low physical activity, family history, overweight, and obesity were the prominent factors that predicted the risk of diabetes in the near future. Hence, focused interventions for urban slum dwellers are imperative and draw special attention.
在印度等发展中国家，糖尿病在与健康相关问题中所占的负担比例正在增加。城市贫民窟居民构成了缺乏基本卫生设施的“弱势群体”。缺乏有效的一级预防筛查一直是负担加重的原因之一。
本横断面研究在卡纳塔克邦贝拉加维市鲁克米尼纳加尔地区一个定居贫民窟中居住的400名30至60岁成年人中进行。在获得每位参与者的书面知情同意后，使用一份经过预测试的问卷收集数据，该问卷包括人口统计学信息和风险因素细节。使用印度糖尿病风险评分评估患糖尿病的风险。结果以比例表示，并使用卡方检验和多元逻辑回归分析进行分析。
参与者的平均年龄为44.3±8.7岁。患糖尿病低、中、高风险的比例分别为7%、63%和30%。新诊断病例的患病率为10.25%。此外，有阳性家族史的参与者中57.1%属于高风险类别；久坐不动的工人中有76.9%风险更高；超重和肥胖个体中高风险和中风险的比例更高（<0.0001）。相关系数（R）为0.782，决定系数（R²）为0.61。
我们的研究表明，年龄增长、身体活动少、家族史、超重和肥胖是预测近期糖尿病风险的主要因素。因此，针对城市贫民窟居民的重点干预措施势在必行，需要特别关注。
