Department of Psychology.
J Fam Psychol. 2019 Oct;33(7):876-881. doi: 10.1037/fam0000533. Epub 2019 Apr 15.
Research suggests gratitude benefits close relationships. However, relationships involve 2 people, and the interpersonal implications of mismatches in gratitude remain unclear. Is it sufficient for 1 partner to be high in gratitude, or does low gratitude in at least 1 partner act as a "weak link" that disrupts both partners' relational well-being? We asked both members of 120 newlywed couples to report their tendencies to feel and express gratitude for their partner every year for 2 years and their marital satisfaction every 4 months for 3 years. Initial levels of own and partner gratitude interacted to predict initial levels of marital satisfaction and changes in marital satisfaction over time. Although own and partner gratitude were associated with higher levels of initial marital satisfaction when both spouses were high in gratitude, own and partner gratitude were unassociated with initial satisfaction if either spouse was low in gratitude. Further, gratitude was associated with more stable marital satisfaction when both partners were high in gratitude, partner gratitude was unassociated with changes in satisfaction when own gratitude was low and own gratitude was associated with in satisfaction when partner gratitude was low. In fact, although initial gratitude was positively associated with marital satisfaction 3 years later if both spouses were high in gratitude, own initial gratitude was associated with later satisfaction when partner gratitude was relatively low. These findings suggest low gratitude in one partner acts as a weak link that is sufficient to disrupt both partners' relationship satisfaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
研究表明感激之情有益于亲密关系。然而,关系涉及两个人,而感激之情不匹配对人际关系的影响尚不清楚。是否只需要一方有高度的感激之情,或者至少一方的低感激之情是否会成为破坏双方关系幸福感的“薄弱环节”?我们要求 120 对新婚夫妇中的每对夫妇的两名成员在两年内每年报告他们对伴侣感到感激和表达感激的倾向,并且在三年内每四个月报告一次他们的婚姻满意度。自己和伴侣感激之情的初始水平相互作用,预测了初始婚姻满意度和随着时间的推移婚姻满意度的变化。虽然当配偶双方都高度感激时,自己和伴侣的感激之情与较高的初始婚姻满意度相关,但如果配偶一方的感激之情较低,则自己和伴侣的感激之情与初始满意度无关。此外,当双方都高度感激时,感激之情与更稳定的婚姻满意度相关,如果自己的感激之情较低,则伴侣的感激之情与满意度的变化无关,而如果伴侣的感激之情较低,则自己的感激之情与满意度的变化有关。事实上,尽管如果双方配偶都高度感激,那么最初的感激之情与三年后婚姻满意度呈正相关,但如果伴侣的感激之情相对较低,那么自己最初的感激之情与后来的满意度呈负相关。这些发现表明,一方的低感激之情是一个薄弱环节,足以破坏双方的关系满意度。